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EN
The order of the Second Senate of the German Federal Constitutional Court (the FCCt) of 14 October 2004 is a good example for a functioning of European legal community in an interpretation by German courts. Analyzing of effects of the European Court on Human Rights’ (the ECHR) decision in the Görgülü case on application of law by the state bodies, the FCCt emphasizes an openness of the German legal order towards the European law but parallel forms some legal restrictions on it, as it also does in European Union cases. On one hand in the German legal system, the European Convention on Human Rights (the Convention) in the interpretation of the ECHR has the status of a federal statute, and it must be taken into account in the interpretation of domestic law, including fundamental rights and constitutional guarantees. The authorities and courts of the Federal Republic of Germany are therefore obliged, under certain conditions, to take account of the Convention as interpreted by the ECHR in making their decisions. On the other hand this commitment takes effect only within the democratic and constitutional system of the Basic Law. The standard of protection of basic rights guaranteed by the Basic Law forms an important part of this constitutional system. What is more the state bodies must take into consideration effects of the ECHR’s decision on the national legal system. It means that taking into account decisions of the ECHR is possible only within the scope of the applicable law of procedure and the state bodies must evaluate decision’s effects, in particular in family law, the law concerning aliens, and also in the law on the protection of personality. It is worth to mention that an influence of the Görgülü case may be seen also in German legislation. In 2006 the German Code of Civil Procedure was changed. According to the section 580 of the above mentioned Code an action for retrial of the case may be brought: 8. Where the European Court of Human Rights has established that the Convention or its protocols have been violated, and where the judgment is based on this violation.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest zagadnienie wykorzystania łącznika zwykłego poby¬tu w normach kolizyjnych oraz normach jurysdykcyjnych dla spraw z zakresu prawa rodzinnego, których uczestnikiem jest dziecko. Regulacja kolizyjna tych spraw jest zawarta w przeważającej części w umowach międzynarodowych oraz w rozporządze¬niach unijnych. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiono regulację kolizyjną objętą wybranymi umowami międzynarodowymi przygotowanymi w ramach Haskiej Konfe¬rencji Prawa Prywatnego Międzynarodowego oraz aktami prawa unijnego. Dalsza część obejmuje rozważania na temat znaczenia pojęcia „miejsce zwykłego pobytu”, w tym okoliczności, które należy uwzględnić przy jego ustalaniu. Przedstawione akty nie za¬wierają definicji pojęcia, stanowisko w tej kwestii zostało zatem wypracowane przez doktrynę oraz orzecznictwo. Ostatnim poruszanym zagadnieniem jest relacja łączników zwykłego pobytu oraz zamieszkania w krajowych normach kolizyjnych i jurysdykcyj¬nych. Ustawodawca polski zdecydował się bowiem na wprowadzenie łącznika zwykłego pobytu do norm krajowych przy jednoczesnym pozostawieniu łącznika zamieszkania.
EN
The subject matter of the article is the issue of use of the connecting factor of the habitual residence in the conflict of law rules and in the rules establishing jurisdiction in the family law matters with participation of a child. Those rules are contained for the most part in international agreements and EU regulations. The first part of the article presents the regulation of conflict of law provisions in the selected international conven¬tions prepared by the Hague Conference on private international law and the EU legal acts. The next part includes the elaboration on the meaning of the terms „the place of habitual residence”, including the circumstances to be taken into account when deter¬mining habitual residence. The acts discussed do not contain a definition of the term, the position in this regard was therefore developed by the legal doctrine and jurisprudence. The last discussed issue is the relation between the connecting factors of the habitual residence and the domicile in the national conflict of law rules and the rules establishing jurisdiction. The polish legislator introduced habitual residence as a connecting factor into the national rules while leaving the connecting factor of the domicile.
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