Search results - CEJSH

1

ECONOMIC SECTORS OF STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY. A CASE OF POLAND

100%

Lewandowski R.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2016

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vol. 11

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issue 3

473-498

EN

The purpose of the paper is to properly define the economic sectors of strategic importance to the national security and to evaluate the state’s tools which protect this security. The paper’s methodology is based on two analyses; the former focusing on instruments which are applied by the state in order to control certain fields of the economy, and the latter investigating economic sectors in terms of concentration, impact on the state security and integration with other sectors. The paper also defines the criteria which helped to identify sectors which have strategic importance to the national security, i.e. production and supply of electric energy; extraction and supply of natural gas; extraction, distribution and storage of liquid propellants, telecommunications, banking industry; banknotes and documents’ production (together with related IT solutions) and military industry. The article leads to the conclusion that these sectors are strategically important to the national security. However, there is still a lack of coherent and complete legal regulations that would protect the national security interest related to the part of the economy represented by the analyzed sectors and companies.

2

Bezpieczeństwo narodowe Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej – aspekty logistyczne

85%

Skarżyński M.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2015

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issue 1

147-158

EN

The article presents the diversity of national security conditions and demonstrates the need for the study of its logistical aspects. There are presented American views on the role of logistics in ensuring national security. The paper presents and assesses the basic content of the documents relating to the national security of the Republic of Poland for content logistics issues. The end of the article contains conclusions and postulates.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono różnorodność uwarunkowań bezpieczeństwa narodowego i wykazano potrzebę badania jego aspektów logistycznych. Zaprezentowano poglądy amerykańskie na rolę logistyki w zapewnieniu bezpieczeństwa narodowego. Przedstawiono i dokonano oceny treści podstawowych dokumentów dotyczących bezpieczeństwa narodowego Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej pod względem zawartości problematyki logistyki. Na końcu artykułu zawarto wnioski i postulaty.

3

Zadania Państwowej Straży Pożarnej wobec zagrożenia terroryzmem w Polsce

80%

Kopa D., Imielski T.

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem

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2015

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vol. 37

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issue 4

31 - 50

EN

The article examines the tasks of the State Fire Service in the face of terrorist threats in Poland. The State Fire Service is an important component of the national security system. As a well-trained and well-equipped country-wide agency with a well-developed organisational structure on the three administrative levels — subregional, regional and national — it can carry out tasks in an emergency, all-day, all-year-round mode within the territory of Poland, tasks relating to broadly defi ned rescue operations, including recognition of threats and rescue operations necessitated by acts of terrorism, despite the fact that in this case it is only an auxiliary service helping the agencies designated by law to combat such threats. The need for rescue services, security services and investigation services to collaborate in the case of a terrorist threat or suspicion of a terrorist threat has greatly expanded the operational possibilities of the State Fire Service, especially with regard to specialist rescue operations.

4

Fenomen myślenia strategicznego w kreacji bezpieczeństwa narodowego – propozycja projektu badawczego

80%

Harasim K.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2018

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issue 1(22)

61-74

EN

The national security strategy is based on a holistic and systematic perception of the future. Strategic thinking requires rational and generative thought processes in formulating and conceptualizing long-term development trends and ensuring security. The text raises the attempt to find the relationship between strategic thinking and making effective strategic decisions.

5

Bezpieczeństwo państwa — czynniki miękkie

80%

Paluch A., Spustek H.

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem

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2019

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vol. 41

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issue 3

171-180

EN

This article is divided into three parts, in the first part it is explained what social capital is, and its role in national security is depicted. In the second part, the problem of the importance of social rules in the construction of social capital is discussed. The third part of the article is the culmination of the analysis and shows the role of soft factors in the process of building national security. The quality of social capital depends on how the society works. It is strongly related to other pillars of state security, including the armed forces. The most important message from the content of this article is the statement: a strong society means a safe state.

6

Critical infrastructure in the shaping of national security

80%

Żaboklicka E.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2020

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vol. 28

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issue 1

70-81

EN

Critical infrastructure plays a key role in ensuring the national security of a state, due to important functions thereof in military, economic, and public administration sectors. The destruction, damage, failure or other deprivation of critical infrastructure of its operational capabilities constitutes a direct threat to the structural and personal security of the state. The research methods and techniques implemented in the research process itself primarily hinge on critical analysis of acts of law and organisational and competence-related documents, subject-matter literature, synthesis and inference in order to reach the formulated objectives based on efficiency criteria. The main findings indicate that critical infrastructure is perceived as a set of systems which exerts a substantial impact on the security of the state and, obviously, its inhabitants. The results advocate for a reflection that critical infrastructure embraces a number of facilities which appear to be remarkably diverse. They are buildings, structures, installations, equipment and services which, integrally, form cohesive systems which allow the proper functioning of a given state. It is the state whose role is just to supervise and coordinate, whereas the operators of critical infrastructure are the ones who are to protect it. The overall findings of this paper present the notion that safeguarding critical infrastructure is a task of crucial importance to the national security of a state and, therefore, it would be worth reconsidering the intensification of rules which apply to the infrastructure of national security and its efficient functioning.

7

GOVSATCOM makes EU stronger on security and defence

80%

Borek R., Hopej K., Chodosiewicz P.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2020

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vol. 28

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issue 1

44-53

EN

In the era of cyber threats and incidents related to the issue, secure communication for applications in critical circumstances responds to the growing need in Europe, where the use of commercial services is becoming insufficient. One solution that fulfils security needs is to provide accessible and reliable services based on space segment resources that are government controlled. The aim of the paper is to investigate Governmental Satellite Communication (Govsatcom), which is the first such large initiative to strengthen and increase the security and defence of the community of European countries. Furthermore, the paper discusses some implications related to the demand for this type of satellite communication and describes the engagement of the main involved institutions i.e. the European Space Agency, European Defence Agency, and European Commission, especially elaborating the PACIS projects running under ESA umbrella, which are one of the main preparatory actions for the IV EU Space Programme. Considerations about future relations between related parties and Poland’s possible engagement and the kind of benefits it would deliver are also considered. The paper leads to a conclusion that the future EU space programme creates a proper environment for cooperation between community members and delivers an opportunity to use safe and secure satellite communication for members who cannot afford to have their own capabilities.

8

Rada Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego

80%

Juchniewicz J.

Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego

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2015

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issue 2(24)

111-127

PL

Rada Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego jest organem doradczym prezydenta w sprawach do-tyczących bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego państwa. Organ ten nie został wyposażony w jakiekolwiek uprawnienia o władczym charakterze, jego rola koncen-truje się na doradzaniu prezydentowi w sprawach związanych z bezpieczeństwem pań-stwa. Konstytucja nie precyzuje, kto może być członkiem Rady, pozostawiając decy-zje w przedmiocie składu RBN wyłącznie w gestii głowy państwa. Faktyczna rola Rady Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego determinowana jest aktywnością prezydenta, który zwo-łuje posiedzenia tego organu, a także określa tematykę spotkań.

EN

National Security Council is an advisory body to the President of Poland on issues relat-ing to internal and external security of the country. This body is not equipped with any powers of a governing nature, its role is focused on advising the President on matters of national security. The Constitution does not specify who may be a member of the Coun-cil, leaving decisions on the composition of RBN to sole discretion of the head of state. The actual role of the National Security Council is determined by the activity of the President, who convenes sessions of that body, and also sets themes for such meetings

9

National Security Letters — A Controversial FBI Tool to Fight Terrorism

80%

Waśko-Owsiejczuk E.

Internal Security

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2015

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vol. 7(2)

71-90

EN

The terrorist attacks carried out on 11 September 2001 on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon led to the reevaluationof priorities in US security policy. The boundary between freedom and security became more malleable. US intelligenceservices, responsible for security, were set to a state of high alert. To help them in counter-terrorism missions, numerous changesin legislation have been introduced to equip government agencies with additional tools and simplified procedures. The aimof this article is to present the roots, the scope of activities and the scale of exploitation of orders for disclosure of information(the national security letters — NSL) by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). These orders have caused great controversyon account of the possibility to obtain access to the private data of citizens, while maintaining total secrecy. The radical increasein the number of NSLs issued after 2001 gave rise to many questions, such as: Have national security letters been used for theirintended purpose? Should a total secrecy clause be applied to all NSLs? Have orders of disclosure of information been issuedon the basis of concrete evidence? Has the FBI abused the power given to them? Are NSLs an effective tool in the fight againstterrorism? Why, despite allegations of the violation of human rights and civil liberties, are NSLs still considered a legitimate toolfor the surveillance of society?

10

Characteristics of selected security threats in the Kurdistan region in Iraq

80%

Sosnowski P.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2016

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vol. 10

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issue 1

52-71

EN

Since the end of World War I, the struggle with Kurdish separatism was a common problem for Iraq, Iran, Turkey and Syria. Due to the constant struggle and a series of favourable events, currently the most independent of the Kurdish regions is the Region of Kurdistan in Iraq. The countries in the region perceive Kurdish independence, and any questioning of the Sykes-Picot agreement, as a mortal threat to the integrity of their territories. The following article describes and highlights selected security threats in the nascent Kurdish Region in Iraq. These are very complex and have different sources. The work starts with the characterisation of the geographic region of Kurdistan and the region of Kurdistan in Iraq. The next part describes the threat from the PKK, radical Islam and terrorism. An important aspect that generates threats for the Kurdistan Region in Iraq is the relationship with the Central Government in Baghdad. These relations have a negative impact on the economic and social situation in the Kurdistan Region.

11

The concept and essence of information security

80%

Grzebiela K.

Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

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2018

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vol. 30(30)

87-101

EN

A sense of security is one of the basic human needs that can be guaranteed by the state using the available methods and techniques. At present, security categories are distinguished where information security has found its place. Due to the role of information and its impact on states, societies and entities, the literature has highlighted this issue. The wide scope of information security and related topics have led to the creation of concepts that do not reflect current knowledge about information security. The aim of the article is to select, among the definitions presented by the doctrine – the definition of information security most aptly capturing its essence. In this work the author used the descriptive methodology, focusing on the comparative analytical method.

12

Modern Understanding of National Security. Introduction to the Issue

80%

Olak A.

Security Dimensions: International & National Studies

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2016

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vol. 18(18)

106-120

EN

Security is one of the most appreciated values in the social and individual dimension. Ensuring public security of a given society is an essential condition for the development of both individuals and the state understood as an organized group of individuals. Every citizen has a constitutionally guaranteed right to their behavior. The Constitution also recognized the independence, the territorial integrity of the state and the inviolability of borders as the supreme value. Poland as a sovereign and democratic Member State of the UN, OSCE, NATO and the EU adopted the stable and continuous national security as a priority objective.

13

Methods of securing and controlling critical infrastructure assets allocated in information and communications technology sector companies in leading European Union countries

80%

Sieńko P.

Securitologia

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2015

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issue 2 (22)

107-122

EN

Critical Infrastructure (CI) plays a significant role in maintaining public order and national security. The state may use many different methods to protect and control CI allocated to commercial companies. This article describes the three most important ones: legislation, ownership and government institutions and agencies. The data presented in this paper is the result of research done on the most developed countries in the EU (United Kingdom, France, Germany and Italy) and their strategic enterprises in the ICT sector, one of the most important sectors in any national security system.

14

Disinformation as a threat to national security on the example of the COVID-19 pandemic

80%

Sługocki W. Ł., Sowa B.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2021

EN

Nowadays, the vast majority of the threats to our security is related to information security, resulting in a significant transformation of national security systems. One such threat is disinformation, which is increasingly being used intentionally. The study examines certain impacts of disinformation on national security as a system, on the example of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the study explores some processes visible at the international level and reviews some external problems in connection with national security. Research methods and techniques implemented in the research process itself are primarily based on a critical analysis of the literature and the analysis and synthesis of published research results. The main findings show that the phenomenon of disinformation, which intensifies in crisis situations (e.g. related to the outbreak of a pandemic) contributes to the destabilization of public mood, hinders the functioning of the basic organs of the state and, consequently, increases the negative effects of crisis events. Secondly, the disinformation used during the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated its effects, causing damage on an unprecedented scale. The analyses show that the fight against disinformation must be based on the assumption that the security of the state depends primarily on the information awareness of each citizen. Social awareness is built through effective education aimed at raising basic medical knowledge. Disinformation has serious consequences for modern countries as it creates a new threat to their national security in peacetime.

15

The military-geographical significance of the Suwałki Gap

80%

Parafianowicz R.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2017

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vol. 17

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issue 4

3-20

EN

Dynamic changes in the security environment are forcing us to reflect on the shape of the international order at the end of the second decade of the 21st century. The aggressive policy of the Russian Federation, which is confirmed by the conflict with Georgia in 2008 and the current situation in Ukraine, indicates that the use of military violence in the resolution of international disputes is not a historical category at all. This is of particular importance to the geopolitical location of the Republic of Poland. The length of our land border with the Russian Federation is 210 km, while with Belarus it is 418 km. The above fact has a fundamental impact not only on the public debate on the security of our country and the region, but also, and perhaps most importantly, on the shape of defence policy and the content of planning possible measures to prevent and counteract the escalation of prospective tensions in NATO-Russia relations. Both Russian military doctrine and the opinions expressed by politicians and specialists dealing with military issues and political and military experts indicate that, from the Russian perspective, the Baltic States’ membership of the North Atlantic Alliance and the presence of NATO troops on the territory of these countries, is highly unfavourable. Therefore, there are grounds to believe that countries such as Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, are treated by Russia as natural bridgeheads, convenient for bringing possible strikes against Russia. Therefore, it is possible that blocking communication routes leading to these countries, while cutting them off from the support of allied land forces, may prove to be a key success factor in the situation of a hypothetical armed conflict, aimed not only at depriving these countries of their sovereignty, but also aimed at discrediting the power of the Alliance.

16

Poviat Crisis Management Center as an Element of the National Security System

80%

Suchocka A. A.

Security Dimensions: International & National Studies

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2020

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vol. 34(34)

202-214

EN

Background: Ensuring national security is one of the priority tasks of state authorities. At the poviat level, Poviat Crisis Management Centers occupy a special place in the implementation of this task. Objectives: The purpose of the article is to show the importance of the Poviat Crisis Management Center in the national security system. Methods: The place of the Poviat Crisis Management Center in the national security protection system was determined on the basis of an analysis of the literature on the subject. Conclusions: The Poviat Crisis Management Center plays a key role in anti-crisis activities at the poviat level.

17

Thoughts on the evolution of national security in cyberspace

80%

Dobák I.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2021

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vol. 33

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issue 1

75-85

EN

Nowadays, the vast majority of the threats to our security come from cyberspace, resulting in a significant transformation of national security systems. Behind these changes, we can find some organisational and capability responses to technological developments, seeing that the function of national security is inseparable from the social environment and its processes. The study examines certain impacts of cyberspace on national security as a system, addressing some features of the changing external environment. The topic is related to the research on the relationship between the information society and security in the 21st century. Therefore, the study explores some processes visible at the international level and reviews some external environment trends in connection with national security. The changes affect the future of national security thinking and the development of principles and methods. It is the task of national security services operating under strict legislation to respond effectively to various threats in a changing environment. All this is only possible through the continuous monitoring of changes in the environment and long-term strategic thinking.

18

Ochrona prawna zasobów strategicznych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w świetle zmian prawnych implementujących regulacje Unii Europejskiej

80%

Sieńko P.

Securitologia

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2014

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issue 2(20)

37-53

EN

The purpose of this research is to indicate the legal aspects of protection and control of the state`s strategic resources accumulated in commercial companies which are significant for public order and national security. The normative acts of the European Union, implemented to Polish law, defined it as Critical Infrastructure. These include such sectors as information and communications technologies, ener-gy and transport systems, generating and transmission systems in power plants, systems of production, processing, storage and transportation of energy resources, including oil and gas.

19

Security of the State and National Security. Main Research Positions and the Practice of the Polish Legislator

80%

Kitler W.

Security Dimensions: International & National Studies

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2020

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vol. 33(33)

40-73

EN

The author is of the opinion that the commonly accepted view about the identity, the concept, and the content of state security and national security in Poland is burdened with numerous flaws, which is confirmed by the legislative practice, planning, and the organizational activity of the state. The author poses a question whether mutual relationships between the concepts of state security and national security exist in the views of Polish theorists and in Polish legislation and, if they do, what they are. Of the methods of establishing the identity of state and national security and the mutual relationship between these terms, one of the ways to see the complexity of the issue is to refer to legislation. The author puts forward a hypothesis that both Polish law and the practical planning and organizational activities of public administration and other entities provide many arguments that these concepts are not identical, but there are strong axiological, epistemological, and ontological links between them. The author is convinced that determination of the domain of the concepts in question and the relationships between them will make it easier for public administration bodies to plan, organize, and carry out specific tasks in the field of security.

20

Military Force in Contemporary Political Reality

80%

Piątek J. J.

Reality of Politics

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2015

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issue 6

44-59

EN

For the purposes of this article it has been assumed that the army should not become an autonomous constituent of the state’s structure, since this would pose a threat of taking over a dominant position by this specific formation. The aim of the article is to analyze the modification of the reasons for the outbreak of war, and the means of conducting it. The ongoing changes in the security environment, both in national and worldwide scale, as well as the proceeding national interests of our country imply increasingly advanced tasks for the army and considerably extend their range. The process of transformation in the Polish army is being continued. Further changes are targeted at increasing operational capability in order to enable efficient accomplishment of domestic tasks and performing missions outside its borders. In the contemporary international reality there is a prevailing conviction, that the threat of the outbreak of a global-scale war is rather unlikely. However, other jeopardies and risks have recently come to the fore.

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