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Ідеї Природного права у творчості письменників, прекурсорів просвітництва

100%

Slipushko O., Shchelkunova O.

Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie

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2018

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vol. 5

53-68

XX

The phenomenon of the natural right of the personality in the works of Ukrainian Late Baroque writers-enlighteners is a little studied in the history of Ukrainian literature. However, its investigation discovers new ways for national writers’ integration into European context. National Enlightenment represents not only important artistic and literature aspects, but also social and political ones – the author’s interpretation of the idea of natural right in times of Ukrainian serfdom. It was very important and unique phenomenon when the idea of natural right of the person was developed at the artistic space. It is represented in the works of enlighteners, in particular Semen Klymovskyj, Myhajlo Kozachynskyj, Yakiv Kozelskyj. Their opinions are formed in accordance to the conceptual space of European Enlightenment. Their artistic conceptions are the important investment in the conservation and the development of Ukrainian traditions and literature in the difficult historical and political situations as well as in grounding of Ukrainian person’s right in Ukraine.

2

Obrona klauzuli sumienia w kontekście współczesnych tendencji przeciwnych życiu

63%

Bartoszek A.

Roczniki Teologii Moralnej

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2010

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vol. 2

109-126

EN

Conscience clause is a special legal regulation that enables the individual to refrain from certain actions, that he is obliged by the law, but which in his conviction, are contrary to his conscience. On one hand, this article shows that clause of conscience in contemporary legislation seems to be something natural because it gives the individual freedom of conscience, but on the other hand – some trends appear to legally narrow it or even to cancel the conscience clause. These trends appear in the context of contemporary tendencies against life. Presented analyses defend the conscience clause again and refer basically to medical professions. The base for this legal regulation constitutes the right to conscientious objection whereas this objection should always be constructive. Existence of the right to conscientious objection is confirmed by the analyses carried out on philosophical – ethical and theological – moral levels, and especially by the concept of natural right. The article also depicts that deep conviction of right to conscientious objection does mean that moral dilemmas concerning refusal to participation in evil do not exist. In some cases conscientious objection becomes contemporary form of martyrdom.

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Współczesne pytania Antygony. O wolności wyborów, o źródłach prawa i uzasadnieniu moralnej słuszności czynów

32%

Lewandowicz J.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2015

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vol. 24

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issue 1

23-42

EN

The author presents considerations concerning morality criteria based on cultural and philosophical prepositions. Contemporary issues, in particular bioethical ones, make us pose the questions about the hierarchy of norms and, thus, the hierarchy of activities. This automatically leads to the question about the source (or sources) of law. The basis for these considerations is Antigone by Sophocles as a masterpiece with universal message. From the text analysis one can discover the issue of tradition and its role in social life principles determination. This leads to the question about the sources of law – are they transcendental or immanent? The author points out that Antigone uses the word „law” – „νόμος”, „νόμιμα” – only in relation to the divine laws. Creon’s regulations which oppose them are described as „φρόνημα”– inventions. In this way she acknowledges the supreme character of the transcendental norm. Rejection of the reference to the transcendental leads to „absolute contradiction” in the area of prepositions and attainments of legal objectives. This notion („absolute contradiction”) was used by Joseph Ratzinger in Benedict’s Europe in the cultures crisis. It can be said that this contradiction in the modern age comes from different ways of understanding the relationship between the transcendence and science, and, consequently, law by Galileo. Therefore, the premise of absolute autonomy creates „absolute contradiction”. The attempt to overcome this obstacle is respect for the so called „immanent transcendence”, which is expressed in the natural law. However, one must first acknowledge the existence of the objective truth and the possibility of knowing it and the norm which assesses the consistency of one’s action with those reference points. This norm is one’s conscience which has its autonomy in relation to legal norms that are not based on the natural law. Without that acknowledgement the only justification of law would be mere force. In our cultural situation Antigone’s question about the sources of law and its validity as well as how to save human dignity and love remains still pending.

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1 Roczniki Teologii Moralnej

1 Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie

1 Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

1 Bartoszek A.

1 Lewandowicz J.

1 Shchelkunova O.

1 Slipushko O.

1 2021

1 2015

1 2010

Ідеї Природного права у творчості письменників, прекурсорів просвітництва

Obrona klauzuli sumienia w kontekście współczesnych tendencji przeciwnych życiu

Współczesne pytania Antygony. O wolności wyborów, o źródłach prawa i uzasadnieniu moralnej słuszności czynów