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The article proposes discussion of John Lewis-Stempel’s Meadowland (2015) developed along two perspectives. One is the post-pastoral reading as suggested by Terry Gifford. He offers a contemporary interpretative mode that draws from both the rich history of British pastoral and countryside writing and from recent ecocritical devices. Additionally, this paper aims to point out the manifold functions of anthropomorphism and presents it as the longestablished strategy of making sense of the ‘outer’ nature. Both animating non-humans in literary representation and post-pastoral depiction of British countryside prevail to be an expression of spatial proximity, and apparently an indispensable prerequisite for co-existence, for sharing material place. Far from causing confusion or misunderstanding, anthropomorphisation has an enduring power of organizing human experience and expressing interconnectedness. In historical terms, it remains a fact that people have always responded to the natural world, and that they have seen animals respond as well, thus turning them into agents.
EN
Referring to the ‘aquatic imagination’ of artist Jason deCaires Taylor, this article analyses underwater museums – artistic installations that are gaining more and more popularity as unusual tourist attractions. Sinking art seems to be a process somewhat opposite to the mainstream in museology, i.e. searching for works of art and other artefacts and retrieving them from the bottom of the sea or the ocean where they ended up due to a disaster (e.g. wrecks of various types, ancient art), and placing them in the space of traditional museums. Adopting the perspective of cultural studies and taking into account the intertwining of perceptual, symbolic and conceptual aspects of understanding water allowed us to broaden the area of reflection and analyse the phenomenon of underwater museums not only as an alternative exhibition space for contemporary sculptures or a new type of alternative tourism, but also as a particular cultural phenomenon. The primary aim of the article is to consider Taylor’s sculptures as cultural artefacts that point to a continuous multi-directional relationship between humans and creatures living in the ocean’s depths – particularly in the context of the Anthropocene as well as many other cultural contexts.
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