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  1. 1 Zych M.

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Nazwy państw w języku polskim jako przykład stosowania egzonimów i endonimów

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Zych M.
Prace Językoznawcze
|
2014
|
issue 16/2
95-104
EN
This article discusses the Polish names of 193 member states of the United Nations. Among these names 49 (25%) are endonyms, which means that in Polish the names identical to ones used in the official languages of those countries are used. All other country names are Polish exonyms. It is possible to distinguish among them names that are translations of the entire name, or part thereof, as well as names being the graphic or phonetic adaptation of the original names. A large group of Polish country names are names borrowed from other languages which are not the official languages of the countries concerned – mostly from Latin and German, but also from English, French, Spanish, Russian, and Greek. An important group of Polish country names are names derived from the names of ethnic groups. The oldest names of this group are the ones which continue pre-Slavic forms – Włochy (for Italy), Niemcy (for Germany), Czechy (for Czechia), Węgry (for Hungary). In the case of long (official) names of countries, the ones used in the Polish language correspond (with three exceptions) with their original long names.
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