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Pseudoanglicismy: české neologismy z anglických slov

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Bozděchová I., Klégr A.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2022
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vol. 83
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issue 1
3-27
EN
The paper introduces the concept of pseudoanglicism to Czech lexical studies. It sketches its history and use in the literature. It outlines the standard account of foreign word adaptation in Czech to bring out the distinction between adaptation and neologization. The adopted approach develops Duckworth’s (1977) broad definition of pseudoanglicisms. Whether including only English elements (baby-box, basket) or both English and Czech ones (hokejista, soráč, onlinovka, etc.), the pseudoanglicism is a neologism rather than a simple loanword: a lexeme with a new form and a meaning of its own and no formal counterpart in English. Another possibility is that a lexeme (largely) retains its English form but acquires a different meaning in Czech (sprayer, mixér). In any case what separates English­based neologisms from adapted loanwords is their meaning peculiar to Czech. The different types of Czech pseudoanglicisms are illustrated using a sample of 516 items. The paper argues for the desirability to differentiate between anglicisms and pseudoanglicisms. The latter transcend linguistic borrowing, bearing witness to the active role of Czech speakers who employ English elements to produce Czech neologisms.
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Čeština a angličtina v průsečíku lexikálních hybridů

88%
Bozděchová I., Klégr A.
Bohemistyka
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2023
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issue 1
19-38
EN
The paper is devoted to the analysis of the latest Czech vocabulary the hybridity of which results from the combination of word-formation means of Czech and English origin. It first focuses on the position of hybrid formations among borrowings and provides a terminological overview of the types of borrowing from English (anglicisms – pseudoanglicisms – calques – hybrids). Then, drawing on a sample of excerpts from contemporary Czech texts, it suggests possible classifications of hybrids with English word-forming elements and illustrates their different types.
CS
Příspěvek je věnován analýze nejnovější české slovní zásoby, jejíž hybridnost vyplývá ze spojení slovotvorných prostředků českého a anglického jazykového půvo- du. Nejprve se zaměřuje na postavení hybridních útvarů v rámci přejímek a poskytuje terminologický přehled typů přejímek z angličtiny (anglicismy – pseudoanglicismy – kalky – hybridy). Na základě vzorku excerpce ze současných českých textů pak naznačuje možné klasifikace hybridů s anglickými slovotvornými prvky a ilustruje jejich různé typy.
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