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Żart w procesie neologizacji – na podstawie języka młodego pokolenia

100%
Satoła-Staśkowiak J.
Językoznawstwo
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2016
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vol. 10
185-192
EN
The paper is an attempt to look at the examples of lexical neologisms, whose existence is based on the canvas of a joke, which, especially in the language of young people seems to be of great importance. The presented neologisms are divided into several groups, the most important division is the result of their origin - native vs foreign, the second one is the effect of the internal division of neologisms to neologisms (new words) and neosemantisms (new meanings).
2
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Динамика лексики русского языка: тенденции моделирования оценочной семантики

67%
Kosmeda T.
Przegląd Rusycystyczny
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2023
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issue 1 (181)
162-179
RU
В статье проанализированы тенденции развития лексики русского языка начала ХХІ века, отраженные в словаре неологизмов, что иллюстрирует изменения аксиологической языковой картины мира россиян, в частности прослеживаем интенсивное переосмысление значений слов, заключающих в себе политические идиологемы или мифологемы, расширение фонда слов и значений с оценочной семантикой за счет глобальных процессов жаргонизации, криминализации, вульгаризации, фальсификации (вербализация неправды), феминизации, интенсификации, вербализации невербалики, актуализации прецедентности и креативности (активное моделирование языковой игры).
PL
Artykuł analizuje kierunki rozwoju słownictwa języka rosyjskiego na początku XXI wieku, odzwierciedlone w słowniku neologizmów, który ilustruje zmiany w aksjologicznym obrazie językowym świata Rosjan, w szczególności obserwujemy intensywne przemyślenie znaczeń słów zawierających polityczne idiologemy lub mitologemy, poszerzenie zasobu słów i znaczeń o semantykę wartościującą w wyniku globalnych procesów żargonizacji, kryminalizacji, wulgaryzacji, falsyfikacji (werbalizacji nieprawdy), feminizacja, intensyfikacja, werbalizacja niewerbaliki, aktualizacja precedentnosti i kreatywności (aktywne modelowanie gry językowej).
EN
The article analyzes the trends in the development of the vocabulary of the Russian language at the beginning of the 21st century, reflected in the dictionary of neologisms, which illustrates the changes in the axiological linguistic picture of the world of Russians, in particular, we trace an intensive rethinking of the meanings of words that contain political idiologems or mythologems, an expansion of the fund of words and meanings with evaluative semantics due to global processes of jargonization, criminalization, vulgarization, falsification (verbalization of untruth), feminization, intensification of a sign or action, verbalization of non-verbals, the actualization of precedence and creativity (active modelling of the language game).
3
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Pseudoanglicismy: české neologismy z anglických slov

67%
Bozděchová I., Klégr A.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2022
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vol. 83
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issue 1
3-27
EN
The paper introduces the concept of pseudoanglicism to Czech lexical studies. It sketches its history and use in the literature. It outlines the standard account of foreign word adaptation in Czech to bring out the distinction between adaptation and neologization. The adopted approach develops Duckworth’s (1977) broad definition of pseudoanglicisms. Whether including only English elements (baby-box, basket) or both English and Czech ones (hokejista, soráč, onlinovka, etc.), the pseudoanglicism is a neologism rather than a simple loanword: a lexeme with a new form and a meaning of its own and no formal counterpart in English. Another possibility is that a lexeme (largely) retains its English form but acquires a different meaning in Czech (sprayer, mixér). In any case what separates English­based neologisms from adapted loanwords is their meaning peculiar to Czech. The different types of Czech pseudoanglicisms are illustrated using a sample of 516 items. The paper argues for the desirability to differentiate between anglicisms and pseudoanglicisms. The latter transcend linguistic borrowing, bearing witness to the active role of Czech speakers who employ English elements to produce Czech neologisms.
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