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EN
Atypical brain development is a term that can be used to address the full range of developmental disorders that are found to be overlapping much of the time in any sample of children. The authors present ideas that are, in part, a response to the neurodevelopmental disorders and psychomotor, social and speech disorder in children.
EN
Speech therapy should be an integral part of the support for children with craniosynostosis. Knowledge and research pathological deformation of the head in children are presented in this article. Needs should not only focus on the improvement of cranial distortion that results from premature closure of the sutures between the bone of the skull, but also focus on improving the quality of life of patients and their families. Speech and language therapy for children with deformities of the skull and face, requires in-depth knowledge of a speech therapist and therapeutic treatment should be started on the exact type of exercise to adapt to the needs of speech therapy.
Logopedia
|
2019
|
vol. 48 EN
|
issue 1
5-21
EN
For the sake of diagnosis and therapy, there were created medical typologies of worldwide range, among which the most recognized and commonly used are ICD (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) and DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) of which new editions are the subject of interest to the authors. This article points out the global trends and directions of changes that occur throughout the area of terminology and categorization of mental development disorders (neurodevelopmental) and associated with them Developmental Language Disorders (DLD). The work presents and refers to the proposals of changes, which are planned by WHO in the latest, eleventh edition of international classification of diseases and mental disorders ICD, that will be in force in Poland from 1 January 2022. There is also made an attempt to show how the terminology has been changing over the past 25 years and what changes are currently being made in this field; how the development of knowledge and social awareness impacted the revision of the theoretical approach and nomenclature. It was possible by the detailed analysis of the older and new editions of abovementioned ICD and DSM typologies, that is: DSM-IV from 1994 and 2000, DSM-5 (from 2013), ICD-10 (released in 1996) and ICD-11 (from 2019). In the table placed in the final part of the article (which is modified version of the table published by Jastrzębowska in 1999, supplemented with new changes proposed by WHO and the American Association of Psychiatrists) it is indicated how the theoretical approach has evolved in relation to mental disorders and behaviour, and as a consequence, how the names of speech and language development disorders created on this background have changed. This table compares the native terminology with the one that is currently in force in ICD-10, DSM-IV and DSM-5, and it refers to the names of categories and clinical units distinguished in the new, eleventh edition of ICD. In order to make comparison and accurately evaluate the described phenomena, this collation has been complemented with a detailed description of diagnostic criteria proposed in ICD-11 and DSM-5.
EN
Neurodevelopmental disorders are changes in the development caused by internal and external factors, they manifest from the prenatal period or become visible in the early child development. The early age (0-3 years) is crucial for the detection and identification of diversion in psychomotor development, as well as for the initiation of intervention strategies. The paper provides insight into the current understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders (according to DSM-5 and MKCH 11) at an early age; explains their more detailed context, the possibilities of recognition predictors and precursors in paediatric practice, and the related need for professional care. It underlines the importance and real possibilities of interdisciplinary cooperation of paediatricians and psychologists to support the maximization of psychomotor development, built on the research-verified common neurodevelopmental basis of particular developmental domains.
EN
Introduction and aim. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) neurobiology reveals a complex picture of altered excitation-inhibition balance, aberrant neuronal and neurotransmitter activity, and network disorganization that could be addressed through repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). In this paper, we provide a narrative review of the most recent literature on the use of TMS to treat patients with ASD and ADHD. Material and methods. Literature search from 2018 up to November 2022 has been conducted on PubMed database. Keywords reflected diagnoses and treatment modalities of interest. Analysis of the literature. Eleven clinical trials regarding the use of TMS as a therapeutic tool in ASD, and seven studies (of which 3 are case reports) for ADHD have been reported. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is the most frequent area stimulated. Heterogeneity in stimulation parameters, patient age, and outcome measures limited the interpretation of findings. Conclusion. TMS as a therapeutic tool for neurodevelopmental disorders is still in its infancy. To define the real efficacy of TMS, future studies must be randomized, sham-controlled, and double-blind, and should include a larger sample with adequate inclusion/exclusion criteria, and longitudinal follow-up.
Logopedia
|
2019
|
vol. 48
|
issue 1
27-45
PL
Na potrzeby diagnozy i terapii powstały typologie medyczne o zasięgu ogólnoświatowym. Do najbardziej znanych i powszechnie stosowanych zalicza się ICD (ang. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) – Międzynarodową Statystyczną Klasyfikację Chorób i Problemów Zdrowotnych ICD oraz DSM (ang. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) – Klasyfikację Zaburzeń Psychicznych DSM, których nowe edycje stanowią przedmiot zainteresowań autorek. W artykule wskazano światowe trendy i kierunki zmian, jakie się dokonują w obszarze terminologii i kategoryzowania zaburzeń rozwoju psychicznego (neurorozwojowych) i związanych z nimi rozwojowych zaburzeń języka (Developmental Language Disorders – DLD). Przedstawiono tu i odniesiono się do propozycji zmian, jakie WHO planuje w najnowszej, 11. edycji międzynarodowej klasyfikacji chorób i zaburzeń psychicznych ICD, która w Polsce zacznie obowiązywać od 1 stycznia 2022 roku. Podjęto też próbę ukazania, jak na przestrzeni 25 lat zmieniała się terminologia i jakie zmiany na tym polu obecnie się dokonują; jak rozwój wiedzy i świadomości społecznej wpływał na rewizję podejścia teoretycznego i nazewnictwa. Umożliwiły to szczegółowa analiza starszych i nowych edycji wzmiankowanych typologii ICD i DSM, tj.: DSM-IV (z 1994 i 2000 roku), DSM-5 (z roku 2013) oraz ICD-10 (rok wydania 1996) i ICD-11 (z 2019 roku). W tabeli zmieszczonej w końcowej części artykułu (zmodyfikowana wersja tabeli autorstwa G. Jastrzębowskiej z 1999 roku, uzupełniona o nowe propozycje zmian WHO i Amerykańskiego Stowarzyszenia Psychiatrów) zaprezentowano, jak ewoluowało podejście teoretyczne w odniesieniu do zaburzeń psychicznych i zachowania i, w konsekwencji, jak zmieniały się nazwy powstających na tym tle zaburzeń rozwoju mowy i języka. W tabeli tej zestawiono rodzimą terminologię z aktualnie obowiązującą w ICD-10 oraz DSM-IV, DSM-5 i odniesiono ją do nazw kategorii oraz jednostek klinicznych, wyróżnionych w nowej, 11. edycji ICD. W celu porównania i właściwej oceny opisywanych zjawisk zestawienie to zostało uzupełnione o szczegółowy opis kryteriów diagnostycznych proponowanych w ICD-11 i DSM-5.
EN
For the sake of diagnosis and therapy, there were created medical typologies of worldwide range, among which the most recognized and commonly used are ICD (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) and DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) whose new editions are of interest to the authors. This article points out the global trends and directions of changes that occur throughout the area of terminology and categorization of mental development disorders (neurodevelopmental) and associated with them Developmental Language Disorders (DLD). The work presents and refers to the proposals of changes, which are planned by WHO in the latest, eleventh edition of international classification of diseases and mental disorders ICD, that will be in force in Poland from the first of January 2022. There is also made an attempt to show how the terminology has been changing over the past 25 years and what changes are currently being made in this field; how the development of knowledge and social awareness impacted the revision of the theoretical approach and nomenclature. It was possible by the detailed analysis of the older and new editions of abovementioned ICD and DSM typologies, that is: DSM-IV from 1994 and 2000, DSM-5 (from 2013), ICD-10 (released in 1996) and ICD-11 (from 2019). The table placed in the final part of the article (which is a modified version of the table published by G. Jastrzębowska in 1999, supplemented with new changes proposed by WHO and the American Association of Psychiatrists) indicates how the theoretical approach has evolved in relation to mental disorders and behaviour, and as a consequence, how the names of speech and language development disorders created on this background have changed. This table compares the native terminology with the one that is currently in force in ICD-10 and DSM-IV, DSM-5, and it refers to the names of categories and clinical units distinguished in the new, eleventh edition of ICD. In order to make comparison and accurately evaluate the described phenomena, this collation has been complemented with a detailed description of diagnostic criteria proposed in ICD-11 and DSM-5.
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