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EN
Studies of the scale of unemployment in Poland and in Europe conducted in recent years lead to the conclusion that one of the largest and growing problems of the modern labour market is the unemployment rate among young people. An unfavourable phenomenon related to this issue, which is increasingly often appearing in public debate, is the rising unemployment of graduates. Therefore, it is important to attempt to identify related phenomena in today’s job market, and one of such phenomena is the emergence of a new type of employee in the labour market, a member of the precarious class. The analysis aims to present the origins, nature and scale of the precariat phenomenon in Poland. The issue is described from the perspective of the labour market position of a selected social group, i.e. young people entering the labour market after finishing their education. The study attempted to identify factors that affect this phenomenon and the characteristics confirming the sense of its separateness in the labour market.
EN
Studies of the scale of unemployment in Poland and in Europe conducted in recent years lead to the conclusion that one of the largest and growing problems of the modern labour market is the unemployment rate among young people. An unfavourable phenomenon related to the problem that is increasingly appearing in public debate is the rising unemployment of graduates. Therefore, it is important to attempt to identify the phenomena in today's job market and one of them is the formation of a new type of employee on the labour market, the member of the precarious class. The analysis aims to present the origins, nature and scale of the precariat phenomenon in Poland. The problem is described from the perspective of the labour market position of a selected social group, i.e. young people entering the labour market after finishing their education. The study attempted to identify factors that affect this phenomenon and the characteristics confirming the sense of its separation on the labour market.
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Nietypowe formy pracy w Polsce

63%
PL
Nietypowe formy zatrudnienia stają się coraz ważniejsze w krajach uprzemysłowionych. Na europejskich rynkach pracy w ostatnich latach obserwuje się rosnące powstanie tak zwanych "bardziej elastycznych form pracy", które odbiegają od standardowych umów o pracę. Wzrost ilości umów na czas określony, „mini-praca” - w niepełnym wymiarze czasu i zatrudnianie przez agencje pracy, potencjalnie zwiększają elastyczność zatrudnienia dla przedsiębiorstwa - a także do pewnego stopnia - dla pracowników, jednak te formy zatrudnienia są uważane za gorsze i bardziej ryzykowne w porównaniu z regularnym (tradycyjnym) zatrudnieniem, w szczególności w zakresie możliwości osiągnięcia zysków i bezpieczeństwa pracy.
EN
Atypical forms of employment are becoming increasingly important in industrialised countries. In European labour markets in recent years, there has been a growing emergence of so-called ‘more flexible forms of work’, which deviate from standard employment contracts. The growth of fixed-term contracts, mini-jobs, part-time working and agency work potentially increases flexibility for companies – and also to some extent for employees – but these forms of employment are generally regarded as inferior and more risky compared with regular employment, particularly in terms of earning potential and job security.
EN
The aim of the article is to examine the correlation between changes in the level of employment and unemployment rate and the share of non-standard (flexible) forms of employment in the countries of the European Union in the long-term perspective. The hypothesis is that changes in the employment level and unemployment rate are related to the changes in the share of non-standard forms of employment in overall employment. The assessment of the relationship between the studied values refers to the age group of between 15 and 64-year olds. Coefficients of linear correlation and determination between the studied values in 2006-2017 were calculated in order to verify the hypothesis. The results of the research indicate that the situation is very different in different national labour markets, both in terms of the share of nonstandard forms of employment and their reactions to changes in employment and unemployment.
PL
Celem artykułu było zbadanie zależności między zmianami poziomu zatrudnienia i stopy bezrobocia a udziałem form niestandardowych w zatrudnieniu w krajach Unii Europejskiej w perspektywie długoterminowej. Przyjęto hipotezę, że zmiany poziomu zatrudnienia i stopy bezrobocia są związane ze zmianami udziału niestandardowych form zatrudnienia w zatrudnieniu ogółem. Ocena zależności między badanymi wielkościami dotyczy grupy wiekowej 15-64 lata. W celu weryfikacji hipotezy obliczono współczynniki korelacji liniowej i determinacji między badanymi wielkościami w latach 2006-2017. Wyniki badań wskazują na duże zróżnicowanie sytuacji na rynkach pracy różnych krajów, jeśli chodzi zarówno o udział niestandardowych form zatrudnienia, jak i ich reakcji na zmiany w zatrudnieniu i bezrobociu.
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