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EN
In a year and a half after the events of March 2011, Japan excluded all their nuclear reactors, returning to fossil fuels as a basis in the energy field. The shock associated with nuclear disaster seemed to indicate an ultimate end of Japanese adventure with the atom. The situation has, however, significantly changed during the last several months, and the first nuclear reactor connected again to the electric network, is a proof of the change of the energy policy. The article aims to identify the current state of knowledge on the future of nuclear energy in the Japanese energy sector and adjustments proposed in the future energy mix. At the same time, it is an attempt to analyze the reasons that led the current Government of Prime Minister Abe to take very unpopular decisions to return to nuclear energy.
EN
This article deals with the most pressing issues in the modern political-legal and security information agenda. The active hostilities on the territory of Ukraine have placed the world, and in particular the European Union, under the threat of a new artificial nuclear catastrophe, which could be provoked by the provocative actions of the Russian army at the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant. Considering the relevance of the issue, the object of study is the political and legal system of Ukraine in the context of nuclear safety, which has undergone significant changes under the influence of European integration. For comprehensive coverage of the issue, the study examines the evolution of nuclear safety both in Ukraine and the European Union. Particular attention is paid to both the development of legislation and the formation of regulatory authorities. An important component of this study is a detailed analysis of the legal framework of both Ukraine and the European Union. Due to this, it was possible to clearly determine the scale of influence of the specific legislative acts. The study confirmed the impact of European integration on the main laws of Ukraine related to nuclear safety and the need to bring Ukrainian nuclear safety regulatory documents into line with the legislation of the European Union. This article deals with the EU supranational regulators such as WENRA and ENSREG have a significant impact on the regulatory and legal framework for nuclear safety. Ukraine made many commitments to improve control and develop its own regulatory body – the State Regulatory Inspectorate, which received significant autonomy under the influence of European initiatives. It should be stated that the influence of European integration as a political process is so profound that it leads to conceptual changes in the legislative and even institutional framework. The conclusions provide a few suggestions for improving the response system to factors such as hostilities, including at the legal level.
EN
The article concerns the project of localisation and construction of the nuclear power plant in Klempicz. The author of the paper not only presents the implementation of the investment but also explains the reason why the nuclear power plant’s construction was cancelled by the Government of Polish People’s Republic in 1989. Moreover, the article deals with the localisation project of the nuclear power plant in Klempicz after 1989. Also in the paper the social protests against building a nuclear power plant in Klempicz are described.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy budowy elektrowni jądrowej w Klempiczu. Autor przedstawił przebieg przygotowań do tej inwestycji i podjął się wyjaśnienia przyczyn rezygnacji z jej realizacji przez władze PRL w 1989 r. Ponadto w artykule znalazł się opis planów lokalizacji elektrowni jądrowej w Klempiczu po roku 1989. W tekście został też scharakteryzowany przebieg protestów społecznych przeciw planom budowy elektrowni jądrowej w Klempiczu.
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2023
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vol. 32
|
issue 3
69-97
EN
The aim of the article is to present media manipulations about the reactor explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, which were used by Soviet television and the most popular English-language channels. The author’s attention is focused on television messages describing the catastrophe in the first days after the reactor explosion, and on the socio-economic effects of propaganda manipulations on the Chernobyl disaster – for the inhabitants of the Soviet Union and for citizens of Western Europe.
PL
Przedmiotem, a zarazem podmiotem badań są promieniotwórcze odpady, wytwarzane szczególnie podczas produkcji energii w elektrowniach jądrowych. Autorka traktuje je jako jednego z kluczowych aktorów związanych z Programem Polskiej Energetyki Jądrowej. W tym celu posługuje się Teorią Aktora-Sieci Bruno Latoura. Za jej pomocą odtwarza argumenty przeciwników i zwolenników nuklearnej inwestycji. Pod kątem problemów związanych ze składowaniem odpadów radioaktywnych rekonstruuje zarówno ludzkich, jak i nieludzkich aktorów. Ujęcie wypalonego paliwa jądrowego w charakterze podmiotu o sile sprawczej wikła go w szerszą zbiorowość. Promieniotwórcze śmieci, choć tabuizowane, w rzeczywistości mają funkcję kulturotwórczą.
EN
The object and concurrently the subject of this study is radioactive waste; the byproduct of nuclear energy production. The author regards nuclear waste as a the key actors in the Polish Nuclear Power Program. Bruno Latour’s Actor-Network Theory is adopted as the analysis framework. This theoretical framework is utilized to bring up arguments of supporters and opponents of the investment in the nuclear power plant. The author reconstructs both human and non-human actors in terms of their links to nuclear waste management. Regarding nuclear power waste as a subject with its own agency, involves this subject in a larger collective. Even though radioactive waste is exposed to tabooisation, in fact it has the power of creating culture.
Cywilizacja i Polityka
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2022
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vol. 20
|
issue 20
149-163
PL
Charakterystyka sektora elektroenergetycznego województwa pomorskiego sprawia, że region ten zmaga się z pewnymi zagrożeniami godzącymi w jego bezpieczeństwo energetyczne. Rozwiązaniem dla niektórych z przedstawionych zagrożeń może być elektrownia jądrowa znajdująca się w obszarze województwa. Korzyści byłyby zauważalne także dla gmin znajdujących się w pobliżu inwestycji, a także dla całego kraju, obniżając cenę za energię elektryczną. Na chwilę obecną brane pod uwagę są dwie lokalizacje nadmorskie dla pierwszej elektrowni jądrowej w Polsce. Ostateczny wybór jednej z nich będzie rzutował na zastosowaną technologię.
EN
Characteristic of pomeranian voivodeship electricity sector, causes this region to struggle certain threats that affects is energy security. Solution for some of those threats might be a nuclear power plant that would be located on this voivodeship. Benefits would be seenable also for municipalities that are close to this investment and also for the whole country by reduce price for electricity. At the moment there are two seaside locations considered for the first nuclear power plant in Poland. The final choice will decide what kind of technology would likely be used.
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