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Obesity, the Pandemic of XXIst Century

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Racz O., František F., Dombrovský P., Jakubowski K., Küchelová Z., Maceková D., Cimboláková I., Kuzmová D.
Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie Kultura Fizyczna
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2014
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vol. 13
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issue 1
161-173
EN
A comprehensive review about the current situation in obesity and its consequences. The au-thors in the first parts of the paper define obesity, describe the methods for assessment of obesity and the amount of fat in the body and discuss the question if obesity itself is a disease or not. Ac-cording to their view obesity is not a disease but a pathological condition caused by a disturbance of appetite regulation, as well as a gateway to many diseases. In the next part they present the most important data about the epidemiology of obesity in the world and in Europe. The consequences of obesity depend on the distribution pattern of the fat in the human body. Upper body obesity associated with visceral accumulation of fat is more dangerous as compared with mild gluteal obesity in young women. The subsequent chapters copmprise a simple overview of the pathogensis of obesity from the point of view of the energy metabolism and the genetic, epige-netic and environmental factors involved in the development of obesity. The consequences of obesity heavily increase health care and indirect economic costs in rich countries. The most important among these are type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart diseas, hy-pertension, stroke and gout. The treatment of obesity is often a troublesome and frutrating process both for health-care providers and the affected people. Therefore the psychological and social aspects of overeating are of crucial importance to understand obesity and to elaborate successful ways to prevent it.
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