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1

Metody, technika i organizacja rewaloryzacji historycznych zespołów miejskich

100%

Antony L.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1982

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issue 3-4

139-143

EN

Within the framework of the activities of the working group of socialist countries on the conservation of monuments of history, culture and museology the State Institute for the Protection of Monuments and Nature in Prague works out the subject of „Methods, Technique and Organisation of the Renewal of Historic Town Complexes”. The works are carried out in close cooperation with the State Institute for the Reconstruction of Historic Towns and Structures, the Research Institute of Building and Architecture in Prague, Department of Architecture in the Higher School of Engineering as well as with other institutes and specialists. T h e C o n c e p t to P r e s e r v e H i s t o r i c T o w n C om p l e x e s Basic assumptions of the strategy in the field of the preservation of historic towns are as follows: — — recognition and evaluation of historic urban complexes and the justification for the social need of their protection, — integrity of historic centres with contemporary urban units in order to guarantee a proper urban development of all complexes; historic complexes should create a permanent element of the historical heritage within the framework of new urban units, — professional renewal of historic urban structures and guarantee of their best use, — giving to historic town complexes a rank of an unique phenomenon constituting an element of both a new style of life and of natural environment. Studies on town complexes should start with their recording and evaluation. To this end, research methods leading to the identification of the complex should be specified and more effective systems of recording and evaluation must be chosen. The next stage should be an analysis of the legal system in the field of monuments protection in individual socialist countries in order to draw necessary conclusions on proposed changes or accomplishments. One should make use of the analysis of the effectiveness of operation of the existing legal norms. The concept of the protection of historic town complexes both with regard to towns and regions should pay attention to specific features of each country. These differences are the result of geographic, climatic, demographic conditions as well as the development of farming, industry, science and cultural traditions. One should however specify certain common major criteria and principles obligatory in the process of renewal. It is also important for historical complexes to become an integral part of the town structure and at the same time to preserve their specific character.

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WSPÓŁCZESNE PROBLEMY OCHRONY MIASTA HISTORYCZNEGO KAZIMIERZ DOLNY NAD WISŁĄ

75%

Szmygin B.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2004

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issue 3-4

7-28

EN

The protection of historical towns has always constituted one of the most difficult conservation tasks. At the time of the People’s Republic of Poland the prevailing systemic conditions led to a growing neglect of the majority of historical towns. In some cases, however, the central administration and financing system, combined with limited ownership rights, permitted an effective realisation of conservation programmes. One of such towns was Kazimierz Dolny, which has enjoyed conservation protection since the 1920s. Thanks to a consistent realisation of the complex conservation programme during the 1970s and 1980s the historical merits of the town were preserved and even enhanced. In the wake of the systemic transformation in Poland it became impossible to continue former forms of conservation protection. The rank of the conservator changed, state subsidies ceased, and the right to decide about private property was restored to the owners of historical monuments. Only the owners are held responsible for the state of the objects, while activity conducted on a town scale is the domain of the self-government. As a result, new investments and intensive exploitation are transforming the historical nature of the locality, a process which remains uncontrolled. The example of Kazimierz Dolny demonstrates that a new model of an effective protection of historical towns has still not been devised in the new conditions.

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Społeczne wartościowanie przestrzeni miast historycznych jako element budowania sysytemu ochrony dziedzictwa miast w planie zagospodarowania przestrzennego

63%

Kłosek-Kozłowska D.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2001

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issue 2

127-132

EN

Numerous useful and essential motifs have been disclosed by the development of the social sciences in research concerned with the spatial structure of historical towns as well as their protection. A significant albeit apparently still insufficiently appreciated role has been played by the progress of social ecology — a young, interdisciplinary field of science, whose studies on the natural environment of human life, including urban space, make use of the assorted outcome of investigations pursued by geography, psychology and sociology. In Poland, the growth of the discipline in question and the results of its research have assumed particular importance at the beginning of the 1990s, the moment towns regained their sovereignty and self-government. Moreover, social ecology introduces a prominent although still ignored domain of scientific investigations into the interdisciplinary protection of historical towns and the global perception of the city. One of such trends is the social evaluation of municipal space, which deals with the identification of their cultural values from the viewpoint of local communities — inhabitants There are at least two reasons for the necessity of an identification of socially expressed cultural values. The process in question is becoming indispensable since we are witnessing worldwide growing social recognition of the values of the past as well as strong social identification with it; the second reason lies in the internally competing free market, which has become the scene of a selection of social values: “the winner is the one with less scruples” (G. Soros). Socially important values perish. The insufficient appreciation of social values and the tendency to heed exclusively financial values are the reasons why administration, so important in democratic societies, is becoming less efficient and outright weakens the democratic system. Economic conclusions demonstrate a marked need for protecting and reinforcing the cultural identity of people and places. Those tasks are to be served by an examination of socially expressed values, which must find a permanent place in the programme for the protection of the cultural values of historical town structures, inscribed into legally binding resolutions of spatial development plans and the self-government strategy of administering towns, conceived as their indispensable component.

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3 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Antony L.

1 Kłosek-Kozłowska D.

1 Szmygin B.

1 2004

1 2001

1 1982

Metody, technika i organizacja rewaloryzacji historycznych zespołów miejskich

WSPÓŁCZESNE PROBLEMY OCHRONY MIASTA HISTORYCZNEGO KAZIMIERZ DOLNY NAD WISŁĄ

Społeczne wartościowanie przestrzeni miast historycznych jako element budowania sysytemu ochrony dziedzictwa miast w planie zagospodarowania przestrzennego