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1

Ruina jako miejsce pamięci i pomnik

100%

Gąsiorowski E.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1987

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issue 3

163-175

EN

Ruins — a monument as a witness of tragic events, a monument in honour of the dead, recall and commemorate the experience of the 2nd World War. The idea to preserve a destroyed building as a monument was first realized in England (Southampton - 1946, Coventry - 1947), then in France (Oradur-sur-Glane - 1947) and finally in Japan (H iroshima — 1945). War ruins, which assumed the form of a monument, have become a symbol and protest against war. Some of them symbolize the cruelty of the total war (e.g. Hiroshima), a tragic fate of the people (Radogoszcz in Poland, Oradour in France), struggle for freedom (Pawiak in Warsaw). Other monuments proclaim the idea of reconciliation (Coventry) and expiation (synagogues in the FRG). Initially it was planned to recostruct some of the destroyed structures, but then it was decided to preserve them as ruins — monuments. About two-thirds of such ruins originate from valuable historic monuments. A variety of interesting solutions has been applied to compose ruins — monuments, ranging from an exact preservation of the rescued parts of the building to their inclusion into large architectonic compositions. Examples of such solutions in some of the countries inflicted with the tragedy of the 2nd World War (England, FRG, Poland, France, Japan) have been discussed in this article.

2

Transformacja urbanistyczna Starego Miasta we Wrocławiu w okresie PRL-u jako dokument przemian politycznych i społecznych

84%

Grodzka E.

Architectus

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2019

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issue 2(58)

27-40

PL

Artykuł przedstawia zarys zmian urbanistycznych z okresu PRL-u na Starym Mieście we Wrocławiu. Intensywne działania budowlane rozpoczęły się już pod koniec lat 40. XX w. Początkowo polegały głównie na rekonstrukcji zniszczonej zabudowy staromiejskiej, skoncentrowanej wokół Rynku i pl. Solnego. Od 1956 r. zaobserwować można powrót do idei przedwojennego modernizmu. Nowa architektura i urbanistyka miała być symbolem nowej organizacji życia społecznego oraz postępu technologicznego. W latach 70. i 80. XX w., pomimo ambitnych planów przekształcenia centrum Wrocławia w wielkomiejskie centrum usługowe, tempo inwestycji budowlanych zdecydowanie zmalało. Pod koniec epoki PRL, dzięki stopniowemu odejściu od gospodarki centralnie planowanej, znacznie wzrosła ilość zabudowy plombowej na Starym Mieście.

EN

The article is a short brief about urban changes in the Old Town in Wrocław during the Polish People’s Republic. Intensive rebuiliding activities have begun at the end of 1940’s. Historical buildings around the Main Square and Solny Square were the first to be reconstructed. However, since 1956 the return to pre-war modernism ideas has been observed. New architecture and urbanism were supposed to be a symbol of new social order and technological progress. Despite of ambitious plans of transforming Wrocław’s city centre into a modern downtown the pace of rebuilding of The Old Town dropped dramatically in the 1970’s and 1980’s. At the end of the communist era in Poland, thanks to the gradual departure from the centrally planned economy, the number of infill buildings in the Old Town has increased considerably.

3

Penicylina i protezy. Pomoc UNRRA w odbudowie polskiego przemysłu medycznego po drugiej wojnie światowej

67%

Łotysz S.

Kultura Współczesna. Teoria. Interpretacje. Praktyka

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2018

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vol. 102

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issue 3

118-130

EN

When World War II came to an end, the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) offered substantial aid to many countries, including Poland. It provided food, medicine and clothing to millions of war victims, and also provided ‘help to self-help’ the nations as a whole, by assisting local government entities in reconstructing industry, agriculture, and transportation infrastructure in the war-torn countries. For example, a penicillin factory and a prosthetic production facility were built in Poland as part of the UNRRA program. This paper draws a comparison between disabled veterans and the early postwar states. The latter, also significantly affected by the war, had to be similarly aided and rehabilitated in order to regain their ability to perform their everyday duties. The article sheds light on how the artificial limb plant program was negotiated to meet the needs of Poland and its war veterans. .

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1 Kultura Współczesna. Teoria. Interpretacje. Praktyka

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1 Grodzka E.

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1 Łotysz S.

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1 1987

Ruina jako miejsce pamięci i pomnik

Transformacja urbanistyczna Starego Miasta we Wrocławiu w okresie PRL-u jako dokument przemian politycznych i społecznych

Penicylina i protezy. Pomoc UNRRA w odbudowie polskiego przemysłu medycznego po drugiej wojnie światowej