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PL
Asystent sędziego jest osobą, która przygotowuje propozycje dla sędziego i pomaga mu w organizacji pracy. Z uwagi na zmianę w przepisach postępowania cywilnego asystenci sędziów mogą obecnie wydawać niektóre rodzaje zarządzeń. W artykule podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jakich rodzajach spraw takie zarządzenia mogą być wydawane, a także ocenić przyszłe konsekwencje zmiany w prawie. Powstaje też kluczowe pytanie: czy asystenci sędziego powinni móc wydawać takie zarządzenia? Czy nie powinno być to zastrzeżone tylko dla sędziów?
EN
The judge’s assistant is a lawyer who prepares proposals for the judge and helps them in the process of organising their work. Due to a change in the civil procedural rules, they are now able to issue certain types of orders. In my paper, I would like to try to answer the question of what type of cases such orders may be issued in, as well as to assess the future consequences of the change in law. The key question also arises; should judge’s assistants be able to issue such orders? Should it not be reserved for judges only?
EN
The article concerns the genesis of bearing witness in the oldest court proceedings. It answers the question of who and when could act as a witness according to the Mesopotamian and Roman laws. Moreover, it explains the circumstances in which witnesses were used and by under what rigour, as well as determines their legal position in the analyzed legal systems of antiquity.
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