Search results

1

Stan rozpoznania zorganizowanych grup przestępczych z udziałem cudzoziemców w Polsce

100%

Laskowska K.

Archiwum Kryminologii

|

2016

|

issue XXXVIII

161-173

EN

The paper offers a synthetic insight into the activities of organized crime groups in Poland with foreign nationals as their members. All the relevant data were obtained from the staff officers of the Central Bureau of Police Investigation (CBSP), i.e. directly from the operatives involved in investigating such criminal structures. The interviews were conducted in February 2015, with the three officers serving in the three departments combating: organized crime, organized drug trafficking, and organized fraud, respectively. On the basis of those interviews, it was established that the structures of interest are formed either exclusively by foreign nationals, or by foreign nationals in association with their Polish peers. Some groups might be characterised by specific traits, e.g. organisational tightness, or excessive brutality. Some insight was also gained into the ways of recruitment to the organized crime groups involving foreigners, i.e. diversified ways of recruitment to the structures of different specialisations (crime, drugs, fraud). In due course, the most frequently committed types of criminal offences were identified, i.e. theft, drug production and trafficking, cigarette smuggling, VAT fraud, and money laundering. The study highlights the ‘attractiveness’ of particular offences to respective organized crime groups. It was also possible to gain an understanding of their modus operandi and organizational structuring (be that complex or simple), including consideration for their own security (i.e. making expert use of the most recent advances of modern technology and personal training and vigilance). The research allowed to establish the specific ways of managing the proceeds derived from the committed offences, in due consideration of the respective nationality of their members. A certain proportion of the crime structures consumed the proceeds, others made investments and promoted business development, still others transferred the funds to their home countries. The study revealed that well-organized groups were active in Poland, whereas the highly-organized ones also ventured abroad with their operations, whilst making use of their international contacts with a view to establishing collaboration with some other internationally structured groups in order to promote business development and maximize their illicit revenues. The interviews revealed that police investigators manage to keep very much abreast of the activities pursued by internationally structured, organized crime groups in Poland.

2

Transformation Towards a Market Oriented Economy – an Impetus or Hindrance for Organized Crime in Poland?

99%

Buszko A.

Olsztyn Economic Journal

|

2020

|

vol. 15

|

issue 1

5-22

EN

This article deals with the phenomenon of organized crime that has emerged as an urgent and serious problem in Poland during the transformation period. The solid background for organized crime group activity was created during the communist time. Due to the strong position of the police (that time called militia), and the security body, organized crime was not so well developed. After 1989, the organized crime groups (OCG) started to be more active, both in the domestic and the international market. The patterns of organized crime group activity were presented. So the main objective of the paper is to reveal the evolution of OCG activities and their scale in Poland. The organized crime groups have proven to be skillful in the exploitation of legal loopholes. The OCG became less violent, and focused more on economic crimes.

3

Zjawisko prania brudnych pieniędzy

83%

Lewandowska K.

Finanse i Prawo Finansowe

|

2017

|

vol. 4

|

issue 16

59-71

EN

The aim of the article is to present legislation to prevent the crime of money laundering. Appoint-ing a special financial body called the General Inspector of Financial Information imposes new obligations on financial institutions and provides many criminal sanctions for the violation of regulations. The main aim of this article is to characteristics the process of money laundering, define the process, the recognition of economic, types and methods of money laundering, and also assessment of the scale of the crime and its consequences. Presentation of the legal aspects of money laundering is important.The hypothesis implies a negative effect of money laundering for the economy and market mechanisms aimed at determining market parameters. This procedure affects the economy in a destabilizing way. The consequences of the destabilization are, among others, the increase in the level of corruption in the state, the violation of the principles of fair economic competition, the disruption of the financial system and the development of organized crime. Money laundering has a negative impact on the economies of the world's economies, which hamper the development of state economies. As a result, stronger organized crime groups are emerging, and by combating this process, they can reduce their cash inflows from legitimate sources, reducing their negative impact on the economy of the states.

PL

W Polsce do przestępstw gospodarczych zalicza się zjawisko prania brudnych pieniędzy. Proces ten ma charakter globalny i w celu jego zwalczania stosuje się regulacje prawne, kodeks karny, dyrektywy i ustawy. Głównym celem artykułu jest charakterystyka procesu prania brudnych pieniędzy, podjęcie próby zdefiniowania procesu, ujęcia ekonomicznego, rodzajów i metod prania brudnych pieniędzy, a także ocena skali zjawiska oraz jego konsekwencji. Szczególnie ważna jest prezentacja aspektów prawnych procederu prania brudnych pieniędzy. Biorąc pod uwagę charakter globalny prania brudnych pieniędzy, zjawisko to może mieć niekorzystny wpływ na gospodarkę ze względu na obrót pieniędzmi wprowadzonych w sposób nieprawny. Przyjęto hipotezę, że zjawisko prania brudnych pieniędzy negatywnie wpływa na mechanizmy rynkowe, których celem jest określanie parametrów rynkowych. Legalizacja środków pieniężnych pochodzących z nielegalnego źródła w systemie finansowym jest ryzykownym etapem przestępstwa, pełni również nieodłączny element zorganizowanej działalności przestępczej.W artykule wykorzystano metody badawcze: analiza skali zjawiska procederu prania brudnych pieniędzy w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej, wydanych wyroków skazujących, zawiadomień o podejrzanych i wstrzymanych transakcjach. Wykonana analiza ma za zadanie pokazać, jak zmienia się intensywność zjawiska prania brudnych pieniędzy na przestrzeni lat i skuteczność metod jego zapobiegania, a także prawidłowość istniejących regulacji prawnych.

Refine search results

1 Archiwum Kryminologii

1 Finanse i Prawo Finansowe

1 Olsztyn Economic Journal

1 Buszko A.

1 Laskowska K.

1 Lewandowska K.

1 2020

1 2017

1 2016

Stan rozpoznania zorganizowanych grup przestępczych z udziałem cudzoziemców w Polsce

Transformation Towards a Market Oriented Economy – an Impetus or Hindrance for Organized Crime in Poland?

Zjawisko prania brudnych pieniędzy