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Using proton-pump inhibitors among hemodialysis patients - single academic dialysis center’s preliminary experience

100%
Rakowska M., Brzósko S., Dąbrowska E., Jabłońska E., Szczykowska J., Prusator P., Kwaśniewska A., Naumnik B.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2017
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vol. 7(1)
39-43
EN
Introduction: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a class of drugs which decrease gastric acid production, their overuse is becoming increasingly common. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate medical indications for PPIs in a cohort of prevalent hemodialysis (HD) patients and their awareness about the medical effects of these drugs. Materials and methods: The study was performed in 78 HD patients enrolled in a chronic dialysis program in a single academic dialysis unit. The study was based on medical history obtained from the patients (survey about drugs they take with intention of revealing PPIs, indications for the treatment, their awareness of the mechanism of action of these drugs).Results: 46 patients (59%) took or have been taking PPIs. Almost half (49%; n=22) had no clear medical indications for the drugs. Prescription of PPIs without medical indications was more common among nephrologists (27%), when compared with gastroenterologists (5%; p<0.05). Only 29% (n=13) of patients taking PPIs were aware of the mechanism of action of the drugs. Conclusions: Results of this study reveal the problem of PPI overuse among HD patients. Gastroenterologists usually prescribed PPIs according to medical indications. Lack of patients’ knowledge about the indications for PPI therapy is overwhelming.
2

Protected Areas and Overuse in the Context of Socio-Natural Changes: An Interdisciplinary French Case Study

86%
Claeys C., Barthelemy C., Tatoni T., Bonhomme P.
International Review of Social Research
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2011
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vol. 1
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issue 3
73-92
EN
This article provides an interdisciplinary analysis of the notion of overuse in natural areas. Based on the case of the French Calanques massif (located along the Mediterranean coast between Marseilles and Cassis), sociology and biology combine their analyses to examine the social processes behind the increasingly widespread use of natural areas and the ecological consequences thereof. The data are comprised of interdisciplinary research based on eighty semi-structured interviews conducted on-site and 330 telephone survey questionnaires. We critically analyse of the notion of overuse and underscore the socio-economic, cultural and ideological weight it carries in the context of socio-natural change; this calls into question the relevance of the ancient nature/culture dichotomy. Drawing on theoretical tools from environmental sociology, this article also provides some perspectives for natural area managers.
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Nootropic drugs Method supporting memory and concentration at work and studies

72%
Modrzyński R. J.
Rozprawy Społeczne
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2021
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vol. 15
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issue 2
117-125
PL
Streszczenie Współczesne pokolenie często nazywane jest „natychmiastowym”, co charakteryzuje się potrzebą natychmiastowej gratyfikacji. W tej rzeczywistości sukces zależy od umiejętności poznawczych. Pomimo tego, że leki nootropowe, czyli naturalne i syntetyczne substancje poprawiające procesy poznawcze, takie jak koncentracja, pamięć, uczenie się i motywacja, są powszechnie stosowane w leczeniu pacjentów z zespołem deficytu uwagi (ADHD), pacjentów z padaczką po udarze mózgu czy osób cierpiących na demencję, ich prawdziwa „kariera” rozpoczyna się, gdy osoby zdrowe, w szczególności studenci i pracownicy wymagających zawodów, zaczęły używać tych leków. Artykuł porusza kwestię leków nootropowych. Przedstawiono najpopularniejsze neurostymulanty wraz z opisem ich działania i częstością ich stosowania. Autor dokonuje również przeglądu skuteczności leków nootropisowych na podstawie dostępnych badań naukowych w literaturze przedmiotu. Artykuł kończy się refleksją nad przyszłością neurostymulantów. Materiał i metody nd. Wyniki nd. Wnioski nd.
EN
Abstract The modern generation is often called "instant", which is characterized by the need for immediate gratification. In this reality, success depends on cognitive skills. Despite the fact that nootropic drugs, i.e. natural and synthetic substances that improve cognitive processes, such as concentration, memory, learning and motivation, are commonly used in the treatment of patients suffering from attention deficit disorder (ADHD), patients with epilepsy, after stroke of the brain or people suffering from dementia, their real "career" comes when healthy people started using these drugs, in particular students and employees of demanding professions. The article addresses the issue of nootropics drugs. The most popular neurostimulants are presented, along with a description of their action and their prevalence of use. The author also reviews the effectiveness of nootropis drugs basing on available scientific research in the subject literature. The article ends with a reflection on the future of neurostimulants. Material and methods NA Results NA Conclusions NA
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