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EN
The aim of the article is to identify the determinants affecting own-source revenues in shrinking Polish cities in the context of local socio-economic development. The first section describes the research problem in Polish and foreign literature and focuses on explaining the relationship between own-source revenues and socio-economic development in a specific group of shrinking cities. The next section defines the research method and the scope of the research. The last part presents the results of the research which indicated that in the field of local socio-economic development the most important factors affecting own-source revenues of shrinking cities in Poland are factors related to entrepreneurship and the labour market. The whole article ends with a summary, which synthesises the results of the research and the presented literature, as well as identifies the areas that may pose a potential challenge for the authorities of shrinking cities in Poland in the context of increasing the share of own-source revenues in the total incomes of their budgets.
EN
The aim of the article is to identify the determinants affecting own-source revenues in shrinking Polish cities in the context of local socio-economic development. The first section describes the research problem in Polish and foreign literature and focuses on explaining the relationship between own-source revenues and socio-economic development in a specific group of shrinking cities. The next section defines the research method and the scope of the research. The last part presents the results of the research which indicated that in the field of local socio-economic development the most important factors affecting own-source revenues of shrinking cities in Poland are factors related to entrepreneurship and the labour market. The whole article ends with a summary, which synthesises the results of the research and the presented literature, as well as identifies the areas that may pose a potential challenge for the authorities of shrinking cities in Poland in the context of increasing the share of own-source revenues in the total incomes of their budgets.
PL
Dochody własne należą do najważniejszych źródeł finansowania gmin w Polsce. Zalicza się do nich wszystkie dochody gmin, które nie są subwencjami ani dotacjami celowymi z budżetu państwa. Celem artykułu jest ocena wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na dochody własne gmin w latach 2020-2021. Do oceny tego wpływu wykorzystano metodę analizy porównawczej. Za podstawę analiz przyjęto wielkości dochodowe za lata 2020-2021 (planowane i otrzymane) oraz wielkości z roku poprzedzającego pandemię, czyli 2019. Głównym źródłem danych są wielkości zbiorcze dostępne na stronie www.mf.gov.pl – zestawienia z wykonania budżetów JST. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że pierwszy rok pandemii dla gmin okazał się lepszy, niż się spodziewano. Dochody gmin w Polsce w tym okresie wzrosły. Był to efekt dofinansowania z Rządowego Funduszu Inwestycji Lokalnych (RFIL) i zakwalifikowania tych środków jako dochodów własnych. Najwięcej skorzystały gminy wiejskie. Skala utraconych dochodów na skutek zastosowanych instrumentów władztwa podatkowego przez gminy nie była duża.
EN
Own-source revenues represent one of the most important funding sources for municipalities in Poland. Such revenues cover all types of municipal receipts excluding subsidies and special purpose grants from the state budget. The purpose of the article was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on municipal own-source revenues in the period 2020-2021. A comparative analysis method was used to assess this impact. The analyses were based on the revenue figures for 2020-2021 (planned and received) as well as the figures for the year preceding the pandemic, i.e. 2019. The aggregate figures available on www.mf.gov.pl - reports on the implementation of local government budgets - constituted the main source of data. The conducted analysis showed that the first year of the pandemic was better than expected in terms of municipalities, as municipal revenues increased in Poland during this period. This resulted from the funding from the Central Governmental Fund for Local Investments (CGFLI) and qualifying these funds as own-source revenues. Rural municipalities benefited the most in this case. The scale of lost revenues as a result of fiscal power instruments applied by the municipalities was not significant.
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