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1

Mycolic Acids as Markers of Osseous Tuberculosis in the Neolithic Skeleton from Kujawy Region (Central Poland)

100%
Borowska-Strugiń B., Druszczyńska M., Lorkiewicz W., Szewczyk R., Ządzińska E.
Anthropological Review
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2014
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vol. 77
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issue 2
137-149
EN
The subject of analysis is the male skeleton from a double burial of the Globular Amphora Culture, derived from the Neolithic site at Brześć Kujawski in Kujawy region (central Poland). Within the spine of the individual advanced lesions are observed (destruction of the vertebral bodies, symptoms of the periostitis in the thoracic region) which are characteristic of skeletal tuberculosis. To check whether the observed morphological changes resulted from infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), the bone material was tested positively for the presence of mycolic acids, the specific components of the cell wall of pathogenic M.tb bacilli, by mass spectrometry.
2

Congenital syphilis in the skeleton of a child from Poland (Radom, 18th–19th century AD)

100%
Tomczyk J., Mańkowska-Pliszka H., Palczewski P., Olczak-Kowalczyk D.
Anthropological Review
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2015
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vol. 78
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issue 1
79-90
EN
An incomplete skeleton of a 3-year-old child with suspected congenital syphilis was found in the Radom area of Poland. Squama frontalis and zygomatic bones are characterized by significant bone loss. Radiographic pictures show a geographic destructive lesion of a serpiginous shape surrounded by a zone of reactive osteosclerosis in the squama frontalis. The radiographic findings included a slight widening and contour irregularities of the distal humeral metaphyses. The appearance of teeth did not suggest Hutchinson teeth, but the examination of the permanent molars showed signs of mulberry molars. Two teeth were tested for the presence of mercury. Chemical analysis did not indicate mercury accumulation (enamel: 0.07 μg/g, dentine: 0.14 μg/g, bone: 0.11 μg/g). Mercury values obtained for the examined samples were similar to those that are typical of healthy teeth in today’s individuals.
3
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Selected secondary burials as evidence of later activities at the tomb of Khuwy at South Saqqara

75%
Vymazalová H., Hashesh Z., Gabr A., Aba Yazeed N.
Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)
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2021
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issue 27
EN
In 2019, during the excavations of the Egyptian mission at the funerary complex of the Fifth Dynasty King Djedkare (reign ca. 2381–2353 BC) at South Saqqara, Mohamed Megahed and his team revealed the painted tomb of the high ranking Old Kingdom dignitary Khuwy (Megahed – Vymazalová 2019). Besides the re mains of a mummified body that were found scattered inside the burial apartment in the substructure of the tomb, several secondary burials were documented in the layers of debris covering the superstructure of Khuwy’s tomb and its near vicinity. This article presents a selection of these secondary burials, includ ing the archaeological context, associated finds and preliminary osteological investigation of the skeletal remains. The simple burials, dating between the New Kingdom and the Late Period, contained individuals of both sexes and all ages.
4

More Harm than Healing? Investigating the Iatrogenic Effects of Mercury Treatment on Acquired Syphilis in Post-medieval London.

75%
Zuckerman M. K.
Open Archaeology
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2016
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vol. 2
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issue 1
EN
Mercury was commonly used to treat syphilis in post-medieval Europe, but debate persists about whether it ameliorated infection or exacerbated it. As there are no in vitro studies on mercury’s effectiveness, Hg levels were characterized using an established technique, portable X-Ray Florescence Spectrometry (pXRF) in syphilitic skeletons (N=22) from six post-medieval London cemeteries. Levels were assessed against proxies for syphilitic infection severity (lesion type, episodic involvement, extent of involvement), oral health indicators, and age at death. The findings are equivocal, likely obfuscated by background poor oral health and high mortality, and cannot elucidate whether mercury ‘killed or cured’.
5
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Preliminary osteological investigation of early medieval site Gz 10 in Giecz, Poland

63%
Justus H. M., Agnew A. M.
Studia Lednickie
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2017
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vol. 16
61-67
PL
Badania wykopaliskowe na nowo odkrytym wczesnośredniowiecznym cmentarzysku w Gieczu (woj. wielkopolskie) dostarczyły interesującej kolekcji kości ludzkich. Stanowisko 10., zlokalizowane zaledwie 500 m w kierunku NW od stanowiska 4., zostało odkryte w 2013 roku podczas rutynowej prospekcji terenowej prowadzonej przez pracowników Rezerwatu Archeologicznego Gród Wczesnopiastowski w Gieczu, oddziału Muzeum Pierwszych Piastów na Lednicy. W latach 2015 i 2016 autorki artykułu uczestniczyły w badaniach wykopaliskowych na stanowisku, obejmując opiekę na materiałem kostnym i rozpoczynając jego analizę antropologiczną, której wstępne wyniki przedstawia niniejszy artykuł. Do tej pory odkryto groby 55 osobników. Większość (51%; n=28) stanowiły szkielety dzieci i młodzieży, spośród których prawie 80% w momencie śmierci miało mniej niż sześć lat. Spośród osobników zmarłych w dorosłym wieku (trzynaście kobiet, dwunastu mężczyzn, dwie osoby o nieokreślonej płci) większość (37%; n=10) zmarła pomiędzy 35 a 50 rokiem życia. Na kościach i zębach zaobserwowano typowe wskaźniki stresu biologicznego, takie jak liniowa hipoplazja szkliwa czy zagojone cribra oribitalia i porotic hyperostosis, jak również ślady infekcji, chorób przyzębia czy urazy przedśmiertne. Dodatkowo rozpoczęto analizy pod kątem chorób zwyrodnieniowych stawów, ogólnej budowy ciała czy odległości biologicznej. Badania te będą kontynuowane podczas najbliższych sezonów wykopaliskowych prowadzonych równolegle ze Szkołą Letnią Archeologii w Gieczu organizowaną przez Rezerwat Archeologiczny w Gieczu we współpracy z Fundacją Slavia.
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