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EN
The main aim of this study is to examine dynamic dependence and proof of contagion during the Covid-2019 pandemic. The empirical data are daily prices from six European indexes. The FTSE, DAX and CAC indexes represent the largest and most developed stock markets in Europe, while the Austrian ATX index represents small developed markets. The WIG and BUX indexes represent emerging European markets. This empirical study, based on the Dynamic Conditional Correlation model, which is applied to different pairs of indexes, aims to convince the reader of the increase in the correlation between the time of the pandemic (after 30 December 2019) and the period before the beginning of the pandemic. For all pairs, the mean value of the conditional correlations in the pre-Covid period was statistically below the values in the Covid period. The results indicate contagion in Europe after the outbreak of the Covid-2019 pandemic.
EN
The article focuses on how parents of school and younger children experienced school closures associated with the Covid-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic. Using an intersectional approach in qualitative research, we examine how parents coped with the increased demands of childcare and how their perception of childcare changed during the pandemic. More generally, we ask whether the pandemic situation was an opportunity for greater recognition and valuation of care. We present an analysis of serial qualitative interviews with 32 solo mothers and 19 parents living in couples that were conducted between the spring of 2020 and the summer of 2021. Parents had a both positive and negative experience of care during the Covid-19 pandemic. The first school closure in the spring of 2020 was perceived as a rather positive opportunity to step outside the course of everyday life. However, as the pandemic continued, the long-term negative effects that the increased care duties during lockdown had on people and especially mothers became apparent: a worsening labour market position, a deteriorating economic situation, and an increasing dependence of women on male breadwinners or on the social support system. The pandemic highlighted the paradox of reproductive work in late capitalism and showed how childcare has no market value in itself. Although in the first period of the pandemic parents experienced care to some extent as an opportunity, a source of meaning, and a rediscovered value, overall the pandemic did not lead to a greater recognition or valuation of care in society.
EN
The topic of this article is religiousness of adolescents from Poznan (Poznań) archdiocese. It is based on a survey research, carried out in elementary community school and in St. John XXIII parish in Komorniki near Poznan (Poznań). Students of the facility, mainly girls, were examined with three tests measuring religiousness in the following aspects: emotions towards God, personal relationship with God and the consistency of religious beliefs of the adolescents. The theoretical part of the article discusses the issues of the specificity of adolescence, including the development of religiosity at this stage of development.
DE
Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der Religiosität junger Menschen in der Erzdiözese Poznań. Er stützt sich auf eine Umfrage, die in den achten Klassen einer Gemeinschaftsgrundschule und unter den Mitgliedern einer Jugendgruppe in der Pfarrei St. Johannes XXIII. in Komorniki durchgeführt wurde. Die Jugendlichen, hauptsächlich Mädchen, wurden mit drei Tests befragt, die die Religiosität in folgenden Bereichen messen: Gefühle gegenüber Gott, persönliche Beziehung zu Gott und Konsistenz der religiösen Überzeugungen der Jugendlichen. Im theoretischen Teil des Artikels werden Fragen zur Besonderheit der Adoleszenz erörtert, einschließlich der Entwicklung der Religiosität in diesem Entwicklungsstadium.
PL
Tematem artykułu jest religijność młodzieży z Archidiecezji Poznańskiej. Wykorzystano w nim badania sondażowe, przeprowadzone w ósmych klasach społecznej szkoły podstawowej oraz pośród członków grupy młodzieżowej działającej przy parafii św. Jana XXIII w Komornikach. Młodzież, głównie dziewczęta, została przebadana trzema testami mierzącymi religijność w aspektach: emocji wobec Boga, personalnej relacji do Boga oraz spójności przekonań religijnych adolescentów. W części teoretycznej artykułu omówione zostały zagadnienia specyfiki adolescencji, w tym rozwoju religijności na tym etapie rozwojowym.
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