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PL
The article deals with the problems of Comenius’ pansophism in his interpretation and in the research of selected contemporary Polish scholars. One of the significant differ-ences between the author of the above dissertation and other contemporary researchers is the treatment of pansophism as a primary concept in relation to didactic solutions. The argu-ments cited in the dissertation justify the importance of pansophism as the basis of Comenius’ work. The characteristics of pansophism present in synthesis the richness of its meanings that are not commonly perceived in the source literature. Authors who pondered over this issue have noticed its historical evolution. However, pansophism is not a historical artifact, but carries numerous consequences that, at least in part, are close to contemporary trends in scientific research.
EN
The article analyses The New Comenius, a work by a little-known 19th-century Polish writer, Jan Mieroszewski. The title itself indicates a connection with the works by John Amos Comenius due to the appellativization of the scientist’s name. The author lists multiple affinities in the content, composition and form of the Polish "Comenius" with Orbis Pictus and other works by the outstanding Czech educator, and above all, with his idea of pansophism. He mentions the illustrative method of transferring knowledge and the encyclopaedic tendency to collect and systematize it. At the same time, he proves that Comenius' concepts influenced the development of the Polish prose of the seventeenth century, which assumed the silvic formula of a collection of varieties useful in the lives of educated people. Mieroszewski's book is a continuation of this trend of writing, which combined genealogically contradictory patterns of silva rerum and the encyclopaedia. Despite its literary nature, it retains the value of a textbook or lexicon, which was intended to convey wisdom in a universal dimension, relating to the spheres of self-knowledge, the world of universal and transcendent things, as Comenius had assumed. Undoubtedly, the analysed text confirms the viability of the scholar's concept in the Polish intellectual and literary culture of the nineteenth century.
PL
The roots of today's education system stem from one of the most significant peda-gogists and thinkers, John Amos Comenius (1592-1670). His entire comprehensive and sys-tematic work represents a turning point, not only in the field of the development of pedagogy, as a science and its disciplines, but also in the field of the development of human thought in general. After a brief review of life and work of John Amos Comenius, the paper presents the basic concepts of pedagogical theory through the chapters they cover – his reforming and educational mission, contribution to the establishment and development of didactics and methodology of pedagogy, contribution to school, preschool and family pedagogy. Of particu-lar importance is the chapter that deals with pansophism as an ideological concept of univer-sal wisdom and pedagogy, because the central theme of the paper is focused on the relations-hip between pansophism and his overall pedagogical work. The aim of this paper is to theore-tically research the connection between these problems, as well as to understand their broa-der implications and current scientific achievements. The paper uses the method of theoreti-cal and historical analysis with the technique of content analysis of available and relevant historical and pedagogical sources and documents. The concluding remarks point to the im-portance of Comenius as a reformer important for the overall development of pedagogy as a science. His pansophism is permanently imprinted as a seal with a reflexive echo and reper-cussions on all later occurrences in the field of teaching and pedagogical educational activities. The ideas of John Amos Comenius that are practically tested and attested, carry a special strength and vitality even after three centuries, which makes him one of the true pedagogical classics.
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Komenského etické vize o nápravě věcí lidských

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EN
The Reformation did not help to unify European Christianity, just the opposite;it led to the intensifying of disputes not only amongst Catholics and Protestants, but also between Lutherans and Calvinists. There followed a period of religious and civil feuding. Komenský entered this antagonistic climate with his political philosophy, which focused on eliminating the causes of hate and mutual conflict. This direction culminated in Komenský's Panorthosie (Universal Reform). This best outlines his vision of lasting peaceful conciliation, which lay in educational, religious, and civil reform. Komenský's ethical attempts to put human aairs to rights has its philosophical basis in the understanding of man as an entity, whose mission in this world is: to be a wise, moral, and pious man.
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