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EN
Due to the needs of intensive agriculture, all ancient civilizations had to create and maintain irrigation systems. It was also in the interest of the Roman Empire to provide equivalent conditions for the cultivation of soil. The consistently discovered epigraphic and papyrological sources allow one to reconstruct the legal forms of action which were employed by the Romans in order to maintain the irrigation networks. It turns out that they are completely different. The following two are used as examples of administrative and legal means which were used in the provinces of Hispania Tarraconensis and Aegyptus. In the former, on the basis of the tablet containing Lex Rivi Hiberiensis, an image of local government structures emerges. And in the latter, thanks to papyruses, it is possible to recreate the hierarchical structures which were characteristic of the previous forms of statehood in the area. On the basis of the previous publications on the subject, administrative structures are described with particular emphasis on legal aspects.
PL
Na potrzeby intensywnego rolnictwa wszystkie starożytne cywilizacje musiały stworzyć i utrzymywać systemy irygacyjne. W interesie także cesarstwa rzymskiego leżało zapewnienie odpowiednik warunków dla uprawy roli. Konsekwentnie odkrywane źródła epigraficzne i papirologiczne pozwalają rekonstruować prawne formy działania jakimi posługiwali się Rzymianie, w celu utrzymania sieci irygacyjnych. Okazują się być one diametralnie różne. Jako dwa przykłady wykorzystane zostały środki administracyjnoprawne zastosowane w prowincjach Hispania Tarraconensis oraz Aegyptus. W pierwszej, na podstawie tablicy zawierającej Lex Rivi Hiberiensis, wyłonił się obraz struktur samorządowych, w drugiej zaś dzięki papirusom, można odtworzyć struktury hierarchiczne, charakterystyczne dla poprzednich form państwowości na tym terenie. Na podstawie dotychczasowych publikacji zostały opisane struktury administracyjne, ze szczególnym naciskiem na aspekty prawne.
Zeszyty Prawnicze
|
2015
|
vol. 15
|
issue 2
123-133
PL
Roman Law In The Contemporary World According To Henryk Kupiszewski Summary The 1988 publication of Henryk Kupiszewski’s book on Roman law and the contemporary world (Prawo rzymskie a współczesność) was a milestone in Polish scholarship. It was written in reaction to the attempts which had been continually undertaken under the People’s Republic of Poland to remove Roman law from the teaching syllabus. The book triggered vociferous protest against the attempt to turn the faculties of law at Polish universities into vocational colleges, at the same time stimulating research on Roman law, not only in its historical aspect but also from the point of view of its value for the present times. An image emerged of Kupiszewski as an outstanding scholar of the humanities, for whom the ethical values in Roman law were just as important as the institutions it created which were subsequently adopted by the legislative systems of latter-day civilised states. Professor Kupiszewski, an advocate of the theory of continuity in the Roman culture and civilisation following the Germanic invasion, drew attention to two factors which turned out to be particularly relevant for the continuation of Roman law – education and the notarial service. He held that especially the latter was of seminal importance, since the formulas notaries reproduced time and again in documents carried the precepts of Roman law well into the Middle Ages. He attributed a special significance to the inspiration Roman law engendered, which he saw as its principal contemporary value. And one can hardly disagree if one recalls a remark he made, that “Justinian’s compilation is a rich store full of things that are required nowadays” is still being confirmed in the work of today’s specialists in civil law.
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