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EN
In the first part of the article, the author deals with the question of the functions of the Ukrainian Parliament, which include constitutional, legislative, budgetary and financial, controlling and creative functions. Then, there are attempts to clarify the meaning of these functions. The author pays particular attention to the importance of the legislative functions of the Verkhovna Rada [Supreme Council]. The next part deals with the issues concerning the structure of the Parliament, including specific responsibilities of various bodies and their functioning. Next, the author refers to the mode of Parliament’s operating, sessions, as well as meetings of committees and commissions. He pays special attention to the fact that the competences of the standing committees of the Ukrainian Parliament cover the entirety of public life in this country. The parliamentary factions are also important for the functioning of the Verkhovna Rada. Further, the author examines the status of Members of Parliament, including the issues of formal and substantive immunity. Next, the subject of the consideration includes the duties and powers arising under the mandate of a people’s deputy. Another topic touches upon the incompatibility of a deputy’s mandate with execution of other public functions. The article is concluded with general remarks which imply that the Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada relies on the parliamentary rules used elsewhere. However, what distinguishes the Verkhovna Rada is its unicameralism and corruption problems connected with the functioning of a young democracy.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono kompetencje organów parlamentarnych terytoriów autonomicznych w państwach europejskich, w których terytoria te mają odmienny status od zasadniczej części terytorium państwowego. Korzystając z metody prawno-dogmatycznej i prawno-porównawczej, analizie poddano uregulowania prawne dotyczące organów parlamentarnych Grenlandii, Wysp Owczych, Wysp Alandzkich, Madery, Azorów i Góry Athos. Celem analizy było udowodnienie tezy, że uprawnienia organów parlamentarnych tych terytoriów umożliwiają im decydowanie o sprawach ważnych dla mieszkańców terytoriów oraz nawiązywanie i utrzymywanie stosunków międzynarodowych z innymi państwami i organizacjami międzynarodowymi. Szeroki, nadal zwiększany, zakres przyznanej tym terytoriom autonomii oraz dobre relacje między terytoriami i państwami ich usytuowania przyczyniają się do demokratyzacji struktur krajowych i wpływają na osłabienie dążeń władz i ludności terytoriów autonomicznych do uzyskania przez nie samodzielnego bytu państwowego. Należy jednak podkreślić, że procesy zachodzące we współczesnej społeczności międzynarodowej mają dynamiczny charakter i mogą powodować potrzebę wprowadzania dalszych zmian w sytuacji prawnej europejskich terytoriów autonomicznych.
EN
The article presents the competences of the parliamentary bodies of autonomous territories in European states where these territories have a different status from the core part of the state territory. The legislation on the parliamentary bodies of Greenland, the Faroe Islands, the Åland Islands, Madeira, the Azores and Mount Athos has been analysed using the legal-dogmatic and legal-comparative method. The aim of the study was to prove that the powers of the parliamentary bodies of these territories allow them to decide on matters that are important for the populations of those territories and to establish and maintain international relations with other states and international organisations. The broad and ever-increasing scope of the autonomy granted to those territories and the good relations between the territories and their states contribute to democratisation of national structures and diminish the tendencies in the authorities and the population of the autonomous territories towards achieving sovereign independence. However, it should be stressed that the processes taking place in the modern international community are dynamic and may entail further changes in the legal situation of the European autonomous territories.
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