National Parliament Elections in sovereign Republic of Indonesia took place in: 1955, 1971, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2009. Indonesian election regulations particularly include: Unit VII B of Constitution 1949, and the law number 10 from 2008. The elections to House of People’s Representatives (ind. Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, DPR) are held on the basis of proportional system with the use of open election lists. Repartition of mandates is carried out with the use of Hera Niemeyer’s method. Territory of Indonesia is divided into 77 constituencies, in which 2 to 12 deputies are elected. Elections to House of Regional Representatives (ind. Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, DPD) are held in multi – mandate constituencies which coincide with the area of province. In each of 33 provinces there are 4 representatives elected. Single Non Transferable Vote (SNTV) is used to distribute mandates.
Following analysis describes the influence of party identification on the results of local presidential election in selected polish cities. Comparison of election results let us estimate the predominance of previous city presidents, who run for the re-election. Based on detailed analysis of particular presidential candidates, we can mark out four groups of winners – candidates with party support, who run for this office first time, party candidates, who used to hold the presidential office, previous presidents compete for re-election with all- polish party candidates. The last group of winners consists of the candidates, partially supported by at least one of political party. It is crucial to remember that, the situation of mentioned groups of candidates is different.
The aim of the article is to explain success of Slovak party, Smer (“Direction”) in 2006 election. Smer was established in 1999 by former member of Party of Social Democracy (SDL’) Robert Fico. In 2002 election Smer failed – it gained 13,5% of votes. The leader of party was expected to win the election and become a prime minister. In 2006 election his party received 29,1% and formed government. The social determination and character of party competition at Slovak political sphere is examined to illustrate Smer’s. The characteristic of voters’ attitude is also important in course of the Author’s argumentation.
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