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Progressive Movement Parties: A Product of the Crisis or Response to the Crisis?

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Mikucka-Wójtowicz D.

Teoria Polityki

2024

issue 10 Numer Specjalny

59-79

Following the post-2008 crisis period, many new progressive left movements emerged in the countries of Southern and Southeastern Europe (such as Podemos in Spain, Syriza in Greece, Levica in Slovenia, and the Možemo! platform in Croatia). They were formed as a result of discontent with the political elites of the old left at both local and central level, who were not able to block the neo-liberal reforms of governing parties, or sometimes even advocated these reforms. These groupings mostly began as urban or social movements calling for more redistribution and more representative democracy. Later, however, many of them tried to become parliamentary parties as they grew aware of the difficulty of achieving their goals while operating exclusively outside political institutions. It is important to stress that their entry into the electoral arena often brought stark changes to the previous patterns of party competition. Some scholars see these new progressive movement parties as the nucleus of new democratic ideas, because of their promotion of a new way of doing politics. New movement parties are a kind of hybrid party type. Therefore, the main aim of the paper is to analyse their origins and innovations in terms of organisational structure, as well as to shed light on their innovative policy practices. On the one hand, new movement parties extensively use various bottom-up tools and democratic digital innovations (DDIs) to involve members and try to maintain strategic practices of social movements in the arena of party competition. On the other, they often suffer from an unexpectedly high level of organisational centralisation and personalisation, as well as a tendency for their leadership to employ plebiscite practices.

Institutionalisation of European political parties. Niedermayer’s model revisited

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Kosowska-Gąstoł B.

Przegląd Europejski

2023

issue 3(69)

27 - 44

According to Niedermayer’s concept of Europarties’ development (1983), these organisations have to go through three phases (contact, cooperation, integration) to be fully institutionalised. The aim of this article is to analyse relationships between Europarties and their member parties on the basis of statutes of the former in order to answer the question of where individual Europarties should currently be placed in the Niedermayer’s model. The subjects of the analysis are all entities existing in the 9th European Parliament term of office (2019–2024): EPP, PES, ALDE, EGP, ECR, ID, PEL, EFA, EDP, ECPM. The analysis demonstrates that some Europarties tend to create supranational structure (e.g. EPP), others settle for transnational cooperation (e.g. PES). Therefore, we can ask whether completing the integration phase is the only way to institutionalise the Europarty.

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1 Przegląd Europejski

1 Teoria Polityki

1 Kosowska-Gąstoł B.

1 Mikucka-Wójtowicz D.

1 2024

1 2023

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Progressive Movement Parties: A Product of the Crisis or Response to the Crisis?

Institutionalisation of European political parties. Niedermayer’s model revisited