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PL
Bp Wilhelm Pluta (1910-1986) należał do prekursorów nowoczesnego duszpasterstwa małżeństw i rodzin w Polsce. Interesował się tym tematem już jako kapłan archidiecezji katowickiej, opracowując materiały zawierające strukturę i treść nauk przedślubnych i kursów przedmałżeńskich. Idee wówczas wypracowane leżały u podstaw jego działalności jako biskupa od 1958 r. Stanął on na czele Komisji Episkopatu do spraw Duszpasterstwa Rodzin, której przewodniczył przez pierwszą kadencję w latach 1965-1970, opracowując m.in. „Pierwszą instrukcję Episkopatu Polski dla duchowieństwa o przygotowaniu wiernych do sakramentu małżeństwa i duszpasterstwa rodzin”. Najważniejszą zasługą bpa Wilhelma Pluty w omawianym obszarze jest rozwój współczesnych kursów przedmałżeńskich i poradnictwa rodzinnego. Bp Pluta miał w sferze przygotowania do małżeństwa dobrze przemyślaną wizję strategiczną, która obejmowała wiele elementów, począwszy od wychowania maleńkich i starszych dzieci, poprzez kursy przedmałżeńskie i nauki przedślubne aż do duszpasterstwa małżeństw, łącznie z tworzeniem w parafiach elity rodzin katolickich, świadomie dążących do świętości poprzez życie rodzinne. Nie tylko miał wizję, ale faktycznie starał się wcielać ją w życie, m.in. opracowując potrzebne materiały dydaktyczne i szkoląc duchowieństwo i świeckich, co w latach sześćdziesiątych XX w. było wielką nowością. Bp Pluta brał aktywny udział w synodzie biskupów na temat rodziny w Rzymie w 1980 r. akcentując sprawę wnoszenia wartości Bożych w życie rodzinne. Po dziś dzień większość jego idei i wskazań w sferze duszpasterstwa rodzin pozostaje aktualnych.
EN
Bishop Wilhelm Pluta (1910-1986) was one of the precursors of the modern pastoral care of families in Poland. He was interested in this subject already as a priest of the Archdiocese of Katowice, developing materials containing the structure and the content of premarital courses. The ideas developed in that period were the guidelines of his activities as bishop since 1958. He became the first chairman of the Episcopal Commission for Pastoral Assistance to Families (1965-1970), drawing „The first instruction of the Polish Episcopate for clergy about preparing the faithful to the sacrament of marriage and the pastoral care of families”. The most important achievements of Bishop Wilhelm Pluta in this area are the development of modern premarital courses and family counseling. Bishop Pluta presented a wellconsidered strategic vision in the area of marriage preparation, which included many elements, starting from education of children, through premarital courses up to the pastoral care of families, including the creation in parishes of the elite of catholic families, consciously striving for holiness in their family life. Not only had he the vision, but he actually put it into practice, by developing teaching materials and training clergy and lay people, which was a great novelty in those years. Bishop Pluta took an active part in the Synod of Bishops on the family in Rome in 1980, stressing the problem of bringing God’s values into family life. To this day, most of his ideas and guidelines in the field of pastoral care of families remain valuable.
EN
The challenges that pastoral care in Poland has to face today are not less numerous than at the time when it was established several dozen years ago. It seems that we should begin our survey of these challenges from inidicating a group of challenges that may be called challenges to marraige and family. Here we find that the structure of marriage as a relationship between heterosexual persons: a husband and wife is more and more commonly questioned; marriage is questioned as the foundation of family; the processes of marital disintegration increase, divorces and remarriages; free unions that last for years. The causes for this group of challenges as ideaological or practical. Another group of challenges consists of separation due to economic reasons, mainly going abroad to work. This causes the increasing process of marrital disintegration, rapid growth of social orphans, old parents and often ill are left unattended by their adult emigrating children. It follows from job problems that the competitive model of interpersonal relations is extrapolated on the marrital bond. We have to add the issues of psychological and physical violence in the family, abortion and calls to legalise euthanasia. A further group of challenges consists of those related to sexual activity. Contraceptive mentality and practices are popular, the phenomenon of marrital infertility is increasing, life is conceived beyond its natural and marrital milieu. In view of the above challenges, pastoral care for families in Poland should change its legal-moral categories of marriage and family iinto sociological and theological, it should purify the image of God from its anthropomorphic elements. It depends much on this image that man can understand himself and build his marrital relationship. Another important issue is to link theological knowledge and adequate aspects of the particular sciences. This link must be methodologically correct in pastoral care. Theological knowledge shows a model of marriage and family, whereas the particular sciences provide practical solutions how to accomplish this model. All this calls for an ordering of basic concepts of marriage and family, as there is much disorder there. Eventually, such actions should bring about milieus of support for the family that would make it easier to defend the principal Christian values.
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