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“In Order to Adapt the Consumption...”. The Creation of a Rationing System for Petrol in the Polish People’s Republic in the 1980s

100%

Zawistowski A.

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

2017

vol. 35

81-96

In post-war Poland, rationing was introduced on three occasions: right after the war in 1945, then in 1951, and at the turn of the 1980s. In 1976, rationing cards for sugar were introduced, in 1981 - for meat, fats, cereal products, cleaning products and many other goods. Fuels were the last product added to this list. This article describes the process of introducing a rationing system for petrol in the Polish People’s Republic. Though the supply system crashed as early as 1981, it took several years to organize a rationing system for petrol. Its evolution did not end until 1984. This delay was caused by the long discussions on how the system should be built. This forced the authorities to introduce a whole range of temporary solutions which limited the demand in the short run, but had no soothing effect whatsoever on the society. To the contrary - the chaos they created intensified negative tendencies (such as speculation), led to market insecurity, and increased mistrust of state regulations.

Взаємовідносини по лінії Москва – Мінськ у рамках енергетичного сектору

75%

Клачиньскі Р.

Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona

2018

issue 8

71-76

A paper entitled Cooperation between Moskow and Minsk in the energy sector describes the most important problems of gas and petrol market at the European part of former USSR. It is an attempt to answer questions aroused by the situation at the post-soviet petrol market. Its analytical part is based on statistical data, analytical papers of the most important think-tanks in that matter, books and papers together with internet resources. All above mentioned contribute to an author`s proper arguments which are focused on abilities and limitations of petrol and gas sector of Russian Federation and Republic of Belarus. The paper provides an information about bilateral relations of these countries, describes Russian energy strategy towards pos-soviet area, especially towards the Belarus` role. It also describes Russian-Belarusian relations in broad international context and also Belarusian dilemmas while Minsk does refuse Russians to obtain strategic importance in the country`s energy sector on the one hand, but also must strictly cooperate with Moscow while Belarusian economy is unable to function without cheap petrol and gas supplies from Russia. An author focuses also on Yamal pipeline and the eventual threat from the Nord-Stream project and also describes the meaning of BTS1 and BTS2 installations which virtually are the pressure tools on Belarus. He characterizes the background of past and current energy conflicts in bilateral relations and indicates the role of petrol and gas as political tools at Russian disposal, towards Belarus. He also formulate prognosis, based on his past analyzes. According to an author Belarus must solve the problem of its own dependency on Moscow in the energy area. Without it she won`t be a clearly independent state. In the same time Russia is using all possible tools and strengths it monopoly on the Belarusian petrol market. This kind of policy is a step in Russian Federation`s policies aimed at regaining imperial role again in the post-soviet area.

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1 Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

1 Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona

1 Zawistowski A.

1 Клачиньскі Р.

2 2018

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“In Order to Adapt the Consumption...”. The Creation of a Rationing System for Petrol in the Polish People’s Republic in the 1980s

Взаємовідносини по лінії Москва – Мінськ у рамках енергетичного сектору