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The Self as the Spiritual Subject. An Overview of Selected Concepts in View of the Positivist Paradigm

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Jastrzębski A.

Verbum Vitae

2022

vol. 40

issue 3

791-805

The main predicament presented in this article lies in the complexity found in the internal structure of the human being when one searches for key elements that define its essence and uniqueness. The overview begins with empirical research as exemplified in psychology, continues in presenting chosen theories in modern philosophy, with an accent on the phenomenological method, and subsequently puts forward the synthesis of them both in psychotherapy. The last part is dedicated to theology as a distinct way to uncover what the essence of being human is, as based on divine Revelation; the latter is the only one of the presented sciences to be explicitly aware of the source of the mystery at the basis of being human. This article attempts to compare the research end results of chosen approaches by demonstrating their relationship to the most hidden aspects of being human. The analysis is organized around the concept of recognizing and accepting the place of mystery in the understanding of what are the most essential elements in the human being. As a result, psychology is conceptualized as a science that does not allow mystery; theology, however, is found to underline the presence of mystery in relationship to our divine origins.

Na wodach wielkich i niespokojnych. Wokół metaforyki akwatycznej i nautycznej

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Wróbel Ł.

Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo

2015

issue 5(8)

185-199

The objective of this article is to briefly describe the ways in which aquatic and nautical metaphorics functioned in the seventeenth-century literature and philosophy in regard to meta-scientific discourse. The paper’s compositional frame is the reference to the interwar writings of Juliusz Kleiner. Firstly, I point out that the category of “life” along with the metaphors of “water” and “fluidity” he used, were ontologised and, in fact, refer to the undifferentiated domain of primal factuality that is located beyond the symbolic registers, ahead of the hermeneutic moment. Secondly, I hold that figures and concepts which appear in Kleiner’s writings, not necessarily refer solely to the French and German modern philosophy at the turn of the 19th and 20th century, as the sources of analogous conceptualisations: figurative and conceptual are to be found also within the seventeenth-century British meta-scientific discourse.The article’s axis is an analysis of selected writings of Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes and William Shakespeare concerning the ways they applied aquatic and nautical metaphorics. Auden, Wystan Hugh. The Enchaféd Flood or the Romantic Iconography of the Sea. London: Faber and Faber, 1985

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1 Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo

1 Verbum Vitae

1 Jastrzębski A.

1 Wróbel Ł.

1 2022

1 2015

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The Self as the Spiritual Subject. An Overview of Selected Concepts in View of the Positivist Paradigm

Na wodach wielkich i niespokojnych. Wokół metaforyki akwatycznej i nautycznej