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1

ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ КОНТРОЛЮ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ СПОРТСМЕНОК ВИСОКОГО КЛАСУ В ХОКЕЇ НА ТРАВІ РІЗНИХ ІГРОВИХ АМПЛУА

100%
Гончаренко В.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
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2014
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issue 9(43)
215-224
EN
The article determines the effectiveness of the system of physical preparedness assessment of highly skilled athletes in field hockey, during the annual training cycle. In the proposed system of assessment the methodology of proportional scales was used. The indicators according to the established methodology were determined using translation of results of moving skills of hockey players in points. In the result of research the relationship between the indicators of physical preparedness of hockey-players and their playing roles was defined. Positive impact of the introduction of the grading scale in points according to the results of the tests for the control of physical preparedness of qualified hockey players in different periods of the macrocycle of training is proved. The problem of improving the level of physical preparedness always occurs in practice of training of highly qualified hockey players to responsible competition. The training process should be based on the principles of management theory. Therefore there is a need to develop and use methods of a systemic approach to the study of changes in athletes organism aimed at rational modeling of its state in terms of the training process, approximate in the intensity and load to the extreme conditions of competitions. Physical training of hockey players in general is aimed at achieving the following main pedagogical objectives: the higher level of development and expansion of the functional possibilities of the body; improvement of physical qualities, as well as the development connected complexes of physical skills, that ensure the effectiveness of playing. Analysis of test data and the results of assessment suggest that the level of development of basic movement skills of defenders in field hockey had heterogeneous dynamics: some tests showed gradual improvement in the mean scores from the general preparation stage to the first competitive stage (running at 30 m) or rehabilitation-preparation stage (long jump, shuttle run 180 m) with a gradual lowering of the results to the end of the second competition period; overall endurance results in running at 2000 m increased only during the preparation stage, further their dynamics had descending character.
2
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The influence of physical exercises on physical development and physical preparedness of the first year female students

84%
Petruk L., Grygus I.
Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe
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2019
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vol. 2
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issue 3
97-105
EN
In institutions of higher education in Ukraine, there is a large number of female students with certain permanent or temporary health problems, associated with the disadvantages of physical development and reduced functional capacity of the body. These disadvantages can be eliminated with the help of physical education courses, which are an important part of the process of training in higher education institutions of III-IV accreditation level. We have reviewed the dynamics of the quantitative composition of first-year female stu-dents of a special medical group over the last six years and identified the most common no-sology of students. The study involved 20 female students with diseases of the cardiovascular system. To determine the level of physical development we have analyzed the anthropometric indicators and evaluated the functional capabilities of the cardiovascular system. The level of physical preparedness was determined by test exercises such as hand strength, flexibility and squatting on one leg. We have found that the number of first-year female students who were classified into a special medical group is 23.6% and increases every year, although the total number of stu-dents is decreasing. The most common diseases among this category of students are patholo-gies of the cardiovascular system (46,4%), musculoskeletal system (20,8%) and vision organs (11,4%). We have determined the physical development of students according to anthropo-metric indicators is determined. We have evaluated the functional state of the cardiovascular system. We have established that the obtained data are within the limits of the age and physio-logical norms that can be found in the literature. We have calculated the Ruffier Index, which indicates low rates of cardiovascular system of first-year female students. The use of the proposed system of physical exercises for physical education for first-year female students has positively influenced the work of the cardiovascular system and the phys-ical preparedness of the respondents.
PL
Na uczelniach wyższych Ukrainy jest wiele studentek mających przewlekłe lub przejścio-we problemy zdrowotne związane z wadami rozwoju fizycznego i zwiększoną niewydolno-ścią funkcjonalną organizmu. Niewydolności te można wyeliminować przy pomocy zajęć wychowania fizycznego, które są ważną częścią procesu dydaktycznego uczelni wyższych na III i IV poziomie akredytacji. Przeanalizowaliśmy dynamikę ilościowego składu studentek pierwszego roku w specjalnej grupie medycznej w ciągu ostatnich sześciu lat i zidentyfikowa-liśmy najczęściej występujące wśród studentów nozologie. W badaniu wzięło udział 20 stu-dentek z chorobami układu sercowo-naczyniowego. Aby określić poziom rozwoju fizyczne-go, przeanalizowaliśmy wskaźniki antropometryczne i oceniliśmy możliwości funkcjonalne układu sercowo-naczyniowego. Poziom przygotowania fizycznego został określony przez ćwiczenia testowe, takie jak siła ręki, elastyczność i kucanie na jednej nodze. Odkryliśmy, że liczba studentek pierwszego roku, które zostały zakwalifikowane do spe-cjalnej grupy medycznej, wynosi 23,6% i rośnie każdego roku, chociaż ogólna liczba studen-tów maleje. Najczęstszymi chorobami wśród tej kategorii studentów są patologie układu ser-cowo-naczyniowego (46,4%), układu mięśniowo-szkieletowego (20,8%) i narządów wzroku (11,4%). Określiliśmy rozwój fizyczny uczniów według wskaźników antropometrycznych. Oceniliśmy stan funkcjonalny układu sercowo-naczyniowego. Ustaliliśmy, że uzyskane dane mieszczą się w granicach wieku i norm fizjologicznych, które można znaleźć w literaturze. Obliczyliśmy wskaźnik Ruffiera, który wskazuje na niski wskaźnik układu sercowo-naczyniowego studentek pierwszego roku. Zastosowanie proponowanego systemu ćwiczeń fizycznych na zajęciach wychowania fi-zycznego dla studentek pierwszego roku pozytywnie wpłynęło na pracę układu sercowo-naczyniowego i fizyczną wydolność respondentów.
3

АНАЛІЗ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ПІДХОДІВ У СИСТЕМІ ФІЗИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ

84%
Кулик Н.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
|
2015
|
issue 6(50)
10-17
EN
A variety of innovative approaches in the system of preschool children physical education that may be used with children of preschool age are given in the article. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature on the designated topic, it was determined that the use of different innovative approaches in the system of preschool children physical education has a positive effect on physical development and physical fitness of children. Preschool children’s physical education is the educational process in which physical exercises are the main form of children’s physical education. Due to the analysis of literary sources it is shown that the result of pedagogical innovations depends not only on their internal capacity, but is largely determined by the teacher’s personal qualities, his pedagogical skills, in other words the teacher’s readiness to the innovative activity. One of the main objectives of preschool education is to create favorable conditions for children’s harmonious physical development for the purpose of increasing resistance to infections, as well as for the purpose of gradual and systematic hardening. A complete solution of health and educational tasks promotes the integrated use of both traditional and non-traditional organizational forms and methods of physical education. According to the research, the innovative technologies, alternative author’s programs with non-traditional approaches to physical education are not used in practice of preschool educational establishments of Ukraine. Physical culture classes and sports harden the child and stimulate his emotional sphere. The development of interest in motion is based on the child’s nutritional needs to be strong, brave, clever. Motor activity in physical education prepares the child for employment. During different physical education activities the discipline, the desire to succeed, perseverance are brought up in preschool children. Successful motor activity in peer group, positive evaluation of the efforts of the older child, self-awareness, quality of exercise, the joy of participation in active games – all these contribute to the development of emotional-sensual sphere. The analysis of literary sources showed that the use of a variety of innovative approaches in the system of physical education positively influence the level of preschool children physical development and physical preparedness.
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