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EN
During his pilgrimages to his homeland, John Paul II was teaching his countrymen about the problems specifi c to the Church in Poland, but also to the whole Church. One of these themes was the missions ad gentes. The Pope noticed and pointed out on the example of the history of his nation that missions built Polish statehood and shaped Polish culture. He called for this process to be recognized in the history of Europe as a whole and to recognize in evangelization the factor that builds and defi nes its true identity. He showed that missions help imbue human culture with a supernatural element. He recalled the truth about the missionary nature of the Church and the missionary vocation of all its members. Responsibility and cooperation in the missionary work was for John Paul II one of the forms of the “imagination of mercy.”  Appealing to his countrymen for missionary generosity and commitment, he also pointed to the fi gures who were involved in the animation of the missionary work in the Polish and universal Church. In his teaching in Poland, he recalled the missionary task of the Church community and of each and every faithful.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia politykę papieża Jana Pawła II i Stolicy Apostolskiej wobec Polski w okresie wielkiej geopolitycznej zmiany końca lat osiemdziesiątych i początku lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX w. Prezentuje postać papieża w omawianym okresie przede wszystkim jako decydenta mającego wpływ na politykę globalną, a także na sytuację w ojczystym kraju. Przedmiotem zainteresowania autora jest wpływ Jana Pawła II na sytuację w Polsce jako kluczowym państwie transformacji postkomunistycznej. Problematyka zaprezentowana została na szerszym tle historycznym z uwzględnieniem stosunku Jana Pawła II do ostatniej ekipy władzy komunistycznej w Polsce oraz pierwszego niekomunistycznego rządu sformowanego przez Tadeusza Mazowieckiego. W tekście można znaleźć odpowiedzi na pytanie o różnice pomiędzy polityką Jana Pawła II i Stolicy Apostolskiej, rozważania na temat przyczyn tych rozbieżności, a także na temat metod i mechanizmów wpływania przez papieża na sytuację w jego rodzinnym kraju.
EN
T he article discusses the policy of Pope John Paul II and of the Holy See towards Poland during the great geopolitical transformation of the late 1980s and of the early 1990s. It depicts the personage of the Pope during the period above all as a decision- -maker influencing the global policy and the situation in the homeland. The author is interested in the influence of Pope John Paul II on the situation in Poland as the key state of the post-communist transformation. The topic was presented against a broader historical background, including the attitude of Pope John Paul II to the last commu- nist government in Poland and to the first non-communist government led by Tadeusz Mazowiecki. The text answers the question about differences between the policy of John Paul II and of the Holy See, contains reflections on their reasons and on the methods and mechanisms behind the Pope’s influence on the situation in his homeland.
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