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1
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Reineckes Erbe. Die absolute Chronologie der Frühbronzezeit Mährens – ein Diskussionsansatz

100%
Peška J.
Studia Hercynia
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2019
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issue 24
97-115
EN
This paper on the absolute chronology of the Early Bronze Age in Central Europe is based on the available dates that have to be critically examined, with all the risks and limitations arising from their acquisition and evaluation. The different beginning of the Early Bronze Age in the Carpathian Basin (except for Slovakia) and in the Balkans does not find support either at the social, economic or super structural level, or in the new finds of tin bronze artefacts. The attempts to create a fine absolute chronology based on graves with various types of pins are tentative and point to the limitations of present day dating methods.
2

Problem chronologii zolnika z grodziska w Chotyńcu i tworzących go poziomów użytkowych w świetle badań nad klasyfikacją i datowaniem szpil

100%
Adamik-Proksa J., Ocadryga-Tokarczyk E.
Przegląd Archeologiczny
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2021
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vol. 69
147-169
EN
The article presents the partial results of archaeological research carried out on the burgwall zolnik in Chotyniec, site 1. It aims to classify the historical objects discovered in terms of functional qualification – namely, the pins that were found in 2017-2019, and to introduce them into the scientific circulation. This interesting and relatively numerous series of artifacts complements and enriches our knowledge on many aspects of the zolnik’s function, including its chronology and cultural connections. In this sketch, an analysis of the typological and chronological position of the pins was carried out, and on its basis an attempt was made to estimate the dating of the zolnik (the usable levels that form it).
3
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Szpile w tarnobrzeskiej kulturze łużyckiej. Przyczynek do badań nad ich związkiem z wiekiem i płcią oraz rozważania na temat pojawienia się żelaza

86%
Rajpold W.
Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego
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2017
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vol. 38
73-100
EN
The purpose of the text below is an attempt to present changes in the distribution of bronze and iron pins in the area occupied by the population of the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture. Based on these changes, an issue of iron will be investigated. Pins are the only objects in the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture TLC, which were made on a larger scale from both bronze and iron. Therefore, considering this issue in terms of settlement archaeology, as well as a view at its cultural conditions, it may provide interesting information about the changes introduced by the appearance of iron. In the course of the research the division of pins into individual subgroups was made and the relationship between the type of these pins together with their size in the light of age and gender of the deceased was analyzed. The article will discuss both the issues of changes that were caused by the appearance of iron, and the relationship of the pins with age and the gender of their users.
4
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Náramky, ihlice a ihly z 1. až 3. Storočia z germánskeho kniežacieho sídla v Zohore

86%
Elschek K.
Zborník Slovenského národného múzea Archeológia
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2023
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issue 117
145-159
PL
From the Germanic site at Zohor (Malacky District) come Roman and Germanic bracelets, pins, needles and a gold bracelet from princely grave 5/1957. Some of the finds come from settlement features and graves and part from the survey. The bracelets were made of silver, bronze and gold, the pins and needles from bronze and bone. The Germanic artefacts were probably produced in Zohor and nearby Germanic settlements, as evidenced by sporadic finds of semi-finished products and manufacturing features in the area.
5
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Zbiór fibul z okresu wpływów rzymskich z okolic Ostrowa Lednickiego. Przyczynek do pełniejszego rozpoznania przemian kulturowych w pierwszych wiekach naszej ery w rejonie jeziora Lednica

58%
Wawrzyniak M.
Studia Lednickie
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2021
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vol. 20
9-31
EN
Three years ago, with the knowledge and support of the restoration services of the Museum of the First Piasts at Lednica, together with the Wielkopolska Exploratory and Historical Group ‘GNIAZDO’ Association, surface penetration of the areas located around Lake Lednica began, within the Lednica project. So far, the research conducted with the use of the latest remote sensing and measurement techniques has yielded numerous finds of metal relics, with a chronology spanning from the Bronze Age to the present day. The finds include twenty four fibulae from the period of Roman influence. Their formal analysis is the subject of this article.
PL
Trzy lata temu, za wiedzą i przy wsparciu służb konserwatorskich Muzeum Pierwszych Piastów na Lednicy, wspólnie ze Stowarzyszeniem Wielkopolska Grupa Eksploracyjno-Historyczna „GNIAZDO”, rozpoczęto powierzchniową penetrację obszarów położonych wokół jeziora Lednica w ramach Projektu Lednica. Dotychczasowe badania, przeprowadzone przy wykorzystaniu najnowszych technik teledetekcyjnych i pomiarowych, przyniosły rozliczne znaleziska zabytków metalowych o chronologii rozpiętej od epoki brązu po czasy współczesne, w tym dwadzieścia cztery fibule z okresu wpływów rzymskich. Ich analiza formalna stanowi treść niniejszego artykułu.
6
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Sadłowo – nieznany typ bimetalicznych szpil kultury pomorskiej

58%
Kaczyński B.
Wiadomości Archeologiczne
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2020
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vol. LXXI
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issue 71
239-250
EN
Dress fasteners with no known analogies in other cultural units appeared in the Pomeranian Culture at the end of Hallstatt Period D. Only their most impressive examples (brooches of the Tłukomy and Wymysłowo-Wróblewo types) drew the attention of researches and were further examined. Other regional forms of brooches and pins remain undescribed, including pins with iron shafts and bronze conical heads with concave bases and side surfaces decorated with transverse grooves. I refer to such objects as pins of the Sadłowo type. There are four known examples of pins of this type: from Sadłowo, Rypin County (Fig. 1, 2, 3:3), Kalisz-Majków, Kalisz County (Fig. 3:1), Nowe Borówko, Kościan County (Fig. 3:2), and Krusze-Osiek, Świecie County (Fig. 4). Three of them have been uncovered as a result of a search queries in the museums in Poznań, Płock and Warsaw (Fig. 3). The fourth pin, previously stored in the collection of the then Westpreußisches Provinzial-Museum in Gdańsk, was lost during the WWII. It has been identified thanks to the drawings preserved in the archives of Carl-Axel Moberg (Fig. 4:1) and Józef Kostrzewski (Fig. 4:2). Finds of the Sadłowo-type pins are scattered on the edges of the range of occurrence of bimetallic pins with conical heads (Fig. 5). The pins differ in secondary features. The specimens from Sadłowo and Krusze-Osiek have smaller heads with distinct tops. The heads of the pins from Nowe Borówko and Kalisz-Majków are larger, and their tops are not expanded; they also have clearer grooves on lateral surfaces. The differences may indicate that the pins were manufactured in workshops of two different groups of the Pomeranian Culture population. Based on the examination of contexts of the finds and stylistic analysis, the pin from Nowe Borówko should be considered the oldest example of Sadłowo-type pins. It was discovered in a multi-urn grave, which also contained fragments of pins of the Mrowino type and fragments of pectoral rings, i.e., elements of objects typical of phase HaD. The remaining pins are probably younger – they were found at cemeteries from which pins characteristic of the Late Pre-Roman Period are also known41.49. The shape of the heads of Sadłowo-type pins, resembling tutuli, finds numerous analogies in dress fasteners from the Early Iron Age in Central Europe53.54.61.62. In particular, it applies to feet of brooches of Grabonóg-Grzmiąca64 and Wymysłowo-Wróblewo67.68 types from the early LTA phase, characteristic of the Pomeranian Culture. Knobs of similar shape can also be found on a brooch with cross-shaped bow from Konin69 and a pin from Janowiec Wielkopolski66, dated to the end of phase HaD and the beginning of the Late Pre-Roman Period. Ultimately, it can be assumed that the Sadłowo-type pins from Nowe Borówko and Kalisz-Majków date to the transition between phases HaD and LTA, while pins from Sadłowo and Krusze-Osiek date to LTA. Sadłowo-type pins belong to a group of original dress fasteners, which appeared in the areas covered by the expansion of the Pomeranian culture people at the end of phase HaD. It can be explained by a strong desire of this group to emphasise their distinctiveness. Similar phenomenon is known from the Jastorf culture, characterised by the same ‘migratory’ cultural model.
7
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Skarb z miejscowości Wąwelnica koło Szczecina

44%
Kozłowska D., Blajer W.
Materiały Zachodniopomorskie
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2021
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vol. 17
219-261
EN
The article presents hoard of bronze objects which was found by chance in 2014 in Wąwelnica, Police district, in Western Pomerania. The deposit comprises of very rare and unique objects such as a belt-diadem, open-work armlets, a brooch of Kolsko type, bowls/lids of Biesenbrow type, and a jug similar to the vessel from Pluckow. In the inventory of the hoard dated to Period V of the Bronze Age the influence of the Urnfield culture in the Alps is visible.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje skarb przedmiotów brązowych, odkryty przypadkowo w 2014 roku w miejscowości Wąwelnica, pow. policki, na Pomorzu Zachodnim, który zawiera bardzo rzadkie i unikatowe przedmioty: pas-diadem, naramienniki ażurowe, zapinkę typu Kolsko, misy/pokrywki typu Biesenbrow czy dzbanek podobny do naczynia z Pluckow. W składzie depozytu datowanego na V okres epoki brązu widoczne są silne nawiązania do strefy alpejskiej kręgu pól popielnicowych.
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