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PL
Artykuł prezentuje przegląd mistycznych i ezoterycznych motywów zaczerpniętych z myśli pitagorejskiej, hermetyzmu wschodniego oraz mistyki żydowskiej zwanej kabałą, które miały wpływ na kształtowanie się renesansowych koncepcji godności człowieka we Włoszech. Idea harmonijnej jedności całego wszechświata, koncept reinkarnacji wraz z jej teleologicznym celem, możliwość przemiany człowieka czy też ujmowanie świata za pomocą języka, będącego jednocześnie ontologicznym fundamentem całego kosmosu, zainspirowały takich myślicieli, jak: Marsilio Ficino, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Cristoforo Landino czy Gianozzo Manetti. W niniejszym studium, autorka pokazuje, jaki wpływ miały owe mistyczne założenia – mające swoją genezę zarówno w mistyce Wschodu, jak i Zachodu – na ukształtowanie się renesansowych koncepcji godności człowieka, które stały się następnie podwalinami dla nowoczesnego postrzegania kondycji istoty ludzkiej.
EN
This article presents different mystical and esoteric motifs gained mainly through Pythagorean thought, Eastern Hermeticism and Jewish mysticism called Kabbalah , which had a biggest impact on the formulation of the renaissance concept of the Dignity of Man in Italy. The ideas of united harmony – mystical union of the Universe, reincarnation with its theleological goals, human metamorphosis and vision of the world as a language reality – which is also an ontological fundament of all the Cosmos, inspired famous renaissance thinkers such as Marsilio Ficino, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Cristoforo Landino or Gianozzo Manetti. In this paper, the author shows, what influence could have this mystical assumptions - whose roots are in Eastern and Western mysticism – on the formulation of the renaissance concepts of Dignity of Man, which are also a fundamental base for modern anthropological thinking about human condition and dignity.
EN
In this article the author attempts to show what can be described as a life of ideas in culture. The starting point for the discussion is the idea of the body as the prison of the soul, which came into philosophical discourse by Orphism, then Pythagoreanism. In this way the Greek philosophy shaped the paradigm according to which the spiritual is superior to that which is bodily; that it is the primary purpose of man to care about his spirituality, as only spirituality can contribute to the liberation of the human being. This idea was taken over by Plato, and after a few centuries it was transplanted into the ground of Christian theology. Then it underwent a kind of religious transformation, mainly due to St. Paul, Origen and St. Augustine and became for many centuries an important theological and pedagogical directive to cherish the soul at the expense of the body, because only your heart is the gateway to eternal life.
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