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EN
The outstanding Belarusian poet, novelist and playwright, Uladzimir Karatkiewicz (1930-1984) was a great enthusiast of Polish history, culture and literature. Proposed for readers’ consideration is the article, which includes confessions of this Belarusian artist that he shared with me during the many meetings in Belarus and Poland. The Belarusian writer placed Polish and Belarusian realities side by side with enormous openness and honesty. Karatkiewicz did not hide his recognition, and even admiration of attitude, of such Polish folklorists as Jan Czeczot, Jan Barszczewski, Aleksander Rypiński, Oskar Kolberg, Kazimierz Moszyński, Zygmunt Gloger, Czeslaw Pietkiewicz and Michal Federowski, who devoted many years of their lives to the collection and analysis of Belarusian folklore. Karatkiewicz strongly wished that Belarusians became similar to Poles in their attachment to their own history, language, and took from them their consistent quest for sovereignty and independence of their own country.
RU
У артыкуле робiцца спроба наблiжэння да польскага чытача жыццёватворчага шляху выдатнага беларускага пiсьменнiка Уладзiмiра Караткевiча (1930–1984). Адзiн з вядучых творцаў беларускай лiтаратуры ХХ стагоддзя вядлмы ў Польшчы, на жаль, толькi вузкаму колу чытачоў. Мiж тым Уладзмiр Караткевiч быў адным з найвыдатнейшых пiсьменнiцкiх талентаў у гiсторыi свайго народа. Пiсьменнiк з шырокiм спектрам iнтарэсаў, найбольш вядомы як аўтар гiстарычных аповесцей, быў таксама дасканалыi драматургам, сцэнарыстам, лiтаратурным крытыкам, гiсторыкам, перакладчыкам, а таксама надзвычай таленавiтым паэтам. Па многiх гiстарычных i палiтычных прычынах са спазненнем на сто гадоў стаў Караткевiч для беларускай лiтаратуры тым, кiм былi i ёсць для палякаў Генрык Сянкевiч, Iгныцй крашэўскi, для чэхаў – Алоiз Iрасек цi для англiчан яшчэ ранейшы Вальтэр Скот. Так як Сянкевiч, Караткевiч стварыў i разбудаваў “да ўмацавання сэрцаў” беларускую гiстарычную повесць. Для лiтаратурнай дзейнасцi Караткевiча характэрны пошук непарыўных сувязей памiж мiнулым i сучаснасцю, што ўвiдавочылася ў паасобных творах глыбокiм усведамленнем гiстарычных працэсаў iстварэння на iх падставе мастацка-гiстарычнай хронiкi жыцця i лёсаў беларусаў. Сваёй паэзiяй i прозай Караткевiч iмкнуўся абудзiць нацыянальную i гiстарычную самасвядомасць беларусаў, паказаць крынiцы сваёй уласнай нацыянальнай тоеснасцi i ўзмацнiць у сваiх суайчыннiках пачуццё гонару за тое, што яны з’яўляюцца беларусамi.
EN
The article aims to present life and work of an outstanding Belarusian writer – Uladzimir Karatkievich (1930–1984). Although the writer is one of the most prominent creators of the Belarusian literature, he is not widely known in Poland. Moreover, only a few of his works have been translated into Polish. Uladzimir Karatkievich was one of the most talented writers in the history of his nation. First of all, he is known as an author of historical novels. He was also an excellent playwright, a literary critic, a historian, a translator and a talented poet. Due to many historical and political reasons he has become for Belarusian literature like Henryk Sienkiewicz or Ignacy Kraszewski for the Poles, Alois Jirasek for the Czechs or Walter Scott for the English. Karatkievich, like Sienkiewicz in the Polish literature, created and developed historical novel “to cheer up the hearts”. What is characteristic of his writing? It seeks inseparable bonds between the past and the present which can be found in deep understanding of historical processes and creating the artistic and historical chronicle of the Belarusians’ life and fate. Karatkievich tried to awaken historical and national consciousness of the Belarusians, he indicated the sources of their own national identity and made them proud to be Belarusian.
EN
Zich's unique views of dramatic work initiated a performance theory avant la lettre. It was, however, as I argue a collective effort of Prague School theorists, whose polemics with Zich and among each other recognized the inherent semiotic potential of Zich's work. Often related to contemporary stage experiments, Zich's ideas explored topics like the mobility and hierarchy of signs, their respective functions, and the position of dramatic text, the concept of the 'actor's figure'. Zich and the discussions he incited are also useful for ideas of transitions between theatre and ceremony that enrich the current approach to the audience, space, and characters on the contemporary stage.
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