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EN
The author analyzes the lexeme aluzja (‘allusion’) in the Polish language. Presenting its syntactical features on the background of some of its equivalents in other languages, he takes note of the limitations of collocations that are common to the lexeme in those languages. In the semantical analysis the author claims that two kinds of allusions can be distinguished. The first one plays only a referential role, directing the interlocutor’s attention towards a particular object (and it is very close to the English allusion) whereas the second one informs the receiver about something in an indirect way (as the English hint). Irrespective of how different the purposes of using allusions may be, it appears that aluzja implies the assumption shared by the speaker that the addressee has the knowledge and abilities indispensable for interpretation the allusion. The other assumption is also analyzed, namely: the speaker assumes that the real intention of his/her statement will be understood appropriately. However, aluzja fails to imply that it must be understood. It is possible that the addressee will either not perceive the statement as an indirect one, or notice an indirect character of the statement but will not relate it to the same object.
PL
W pracy koncentrujemy się głownie na określeniu zakresu użycia pragmatycznych wariantów znaczenia predykatu modalnego moc w konstrukcjach konwersacyjnych dzieci przedszkolnych. Opis konkretnych realizacji orzeczeń modalnych w wypowiedzeniach dotyczy niektórych aspektów modalności zdaniowej i fakultatywnej oraz wybranych zagadnień systemowych, sytuacyjnych i interakcyjnych języka. Biorąc pod uwagę kontekst pragmatycznojęzykowy i interakcyjny konstrukcji modalnych i innych, obecnych w tekstach, zwracamy uwagę na jakość kompetencji dyskursywnej dzieci przedszkolnych.
EN
The paper concerns the analysis of the modal logic and intentional constructions with the modal verb móc in preschool discourse. Some aspects of pragmalinguistic and systemic-functional theory provide tools to characterize the ways in which children use constructions in the colloquial-conversational language and text. Our analysis is focused on the sense of predicate móc in particular applications and on the process of creation of indirect acts of speech. It also provides information on the development of discourse competence of children.
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