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Pochodzenie mieszkańców grodu w Grzybowie (Wielkopolska) na podstawie badań izotopów strontu

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Bełka Z., Wrzesińska A., Wrzesiński J.

Studia Lednickie

2022

vol. 21

275-283

The isotopic signatures of the molars of a female (1/2019) and male (1/2018) from Grzybowo fall within a narrow range between 0.7116 and 0.7121. Such values are fairly typical for people living in areas in Poland where Pleistocene glacial sediments are present at the surface [e.g., Pospieszny, Belka 2015; Zielinski et al. 2016; Bełka, Socha 2017]. They are also compatible with the above analysis of the isotopic composition of the natural environment around Grzybowo. Thus, it seems most likely that both individuals are of local origin, that is, that they have been in Grzybowo since their childhood (or since birth). The isotopic signatures of the 4-4.5-year-old child (2/2018) are no longer so clear. This is due to the fact that we are dealing here with 87Sr/86Sr values for the enamel of deciduous teeth and for the permanent tooth (I2), which, however, was still in the tooth anlage and not fully mineralized. The oldest baby tooth examined, a deciduous molar (m1), is characterized by a relatively low value 87Sr/86Sr – 0.7111, which is lower than the known signatures of adult individuals in Grzybowo and is at the lower limit of the possible isotopic composition of local surface waters. This implies two interpretation scenarios. First, since mineralization of deciduous molars (m1) occurs between 14 and 18 months of age, a value of 0.7111 could indicate that the child was born outside of Grzybowo. On the other hand, if it is assumed that the child was born in Grzybowo, this would mean that the surface waters would have to have had a slightly less radiogenic isotopic composition, below the 0.7111 value. However, this scenario is less likely. As mentioned above, the value of 0.7146 characterizing the deciduous molar (m2) is most likely an effect caused by contamination with radiogenic strontium from the deposit. Interpretation of the 87Sr/86Sr signature of the child’s youngest tooth – (an incisor – I2) requires great caution, as this tooth was only in the middle of its growth at the time of the child’s death and the enamel was not yet fully mineralized. Although the value of 0.7130 lies within the range of possible human tooth composition for the Grzybowo environment, it cannot be ruled out that the strontium isotope composition of this tooth may also have changed in the post-mortem phase. The 87Sr/86Sr values of the enamel of the teeth of animals found in Grzybowo are very high, ranging from 0.7133 to 0.7148. These have been, so far, the highest isotopic signatures recognized in the archaeofauna in Poland. The fact that they are higher than the signatures of human material is quite typical for areas where the geological substrate has a very radiogenic isotopic composition [e.g., Pospieszny, Bełka 2015]. This is precisely the situation in the area of Wielkopolska and Kujawy.

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1 Studia Lednickie

1 Bełka Z.

1 Wrzesińska A.

1 Wrzesiński J.

1 2022

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Pochodzenie mieszkańców grodu w Grzybowie (Wielkopolska) na podstawie badań izotopów strontu