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EN
A review of solutions which serve the taxation of the digital economy allows for the statement of a thesis that there are many methods which could tax business activity based on digital technologies. One should remember, however, that there also must be consensus and political will in order to introduce them. Due to the lack of consensus at the global level, on 21 March 2018, the European Commission presented two draft directives which were to ensure the taxation of enterprises conducting business in the European Union in the area of digital economy: the Directive laying down rules relating to the corporate taxation of a significant digital presence and the Directive on the common system of a digital services tax on revenues resulting from the provision of certain digital services. The drafts of the Directives presented by the Commission are the beginning of the legislative work at the Union level. One should ask the question whether the European Union needs its own solutions regarding the taxation of the digital economy. In this paper, the author attempts to evaluate whether the target solution proposed by the Commission, that is, the taxation of a significant digital presence, i.e. a digital establishment, can be an effective tool for the taxation of the digital economy in the European Union. For this purpose, subsequent references were made to selected opinions of international doctrine, OECD regulations and the draft of the Directive.
PL
Autorka poszukuje odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy Unia Europejska potrzebuje własnych rozwiązań w zakresie opodatkowania gospodarki cyfrowej oraz czy rozwiązanie docelowe zaproponowane przez Komisję, czyli opodatkowanie znaczącej obecności cyfrowej, może być skutecznym narzędziem opodatkowania gospodarki cyfrowej w Unii Europejskiej. W tym celu poczyniono kolejno odniesienia do wybranych stanowisk doktryny międzynarodowej, regulacji OECD oraz projektu Dyrektywy.
EN
This article presents the genesis of the proposed solutions for the contribution and taxation obligations imposed on the advertising services. The text compares legal concepts and regulations shaping standards in the scope of taxation of conventional (traditional) advertising services and digital (online) advertising services. For this purpose, the state of work on the international solutions for taxation of the digital economy was compiled. The role of profits from individual types of advertising services was also discussed. Moreover, the article compares the Polish advertising fee with selected equivalent levies implemented in Austria and France.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono genezę proponowanych rozwiązań dotyczących oskładkowania i opodatkowania usług reklamowych. Porównano koncepcje prawne oraz regulacje kształtujące normy prawnopodatkowe w zakresie opodatkowania usług reklamy konwencjonalnej (tradycyjnej) i usług reklamy cyfrowej (internetowej). Zaprezentowano prace nad międzynarodowymi rozwiązaniami dotyczącymi opodatkowania gospodarki cyfrowej. Omówiono także rolę, jaką odgrywają zyski z poszczególnych rodzajów usług reklamowych. Ponadto porównano propozycje polskiej opłaty reklamowej z wybranymi równoważnymi daninami w Austrii oraz we Francji.
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2019
|
vol. 64
|
issue 6 (389)
97-112
EN
Digital economy emerged together with the development of internet information technologies. The global network has created new opportunities, but at the same time it has made businesses escape the control of the national tax jurisdictions. Today, a presence of a company in a country is no longer necessary. However, the developments that support private sector provide a challenge for the public finance sector, which is not so flexible in adjusting its instruments, for example fiscal ones, to the changing conditions of economic activities. The article attempts to indicate the problems related to taxation of the digital economy, which allows for creating legal methods for tax optimisation.
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