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1

Police Response To Terrorist Attacks

100%
Jaloszynski K.
Internal Security
|
2009
|
vol. 1(1)
111-124
EN
The author describes police activities the aim of which is to protect a country against terrorism, that is all actions taken under anti-terrorism. Emphasis is also given to forms of police activities. An outline of information circulation after reporting a terrorist attack and stages of police responding to this attack are described. In the author’s opinion, improving the procedures of responding to terrorist attacks is an important effectiveness element of taken up activities. Adequate skills are developed during conducting real actions and exercises as well as during exchanging experience with partners abroad. Most of the existing solutions in the area of crisis management is a result of cooperation and sharing experience of the Polish police with police services of other countries. It is essential to be open to others and to be able to implement good models into the national needs. The Republic of Poland’s membership of the European commonwealth is a solid ground for carrying out such activities, in relation to terrorist threats in particular. In the European Union there are countries which experienced and still suffer from the effects of terrorism.
2

Debate on Football Hooliganism in Poland: the Myths, Facts and Psychological Benefits of Social Exclusion

88%
Piotrowski P.
Internal Security
|
2014
|
vol. 6(2)
55-68
EN
The term football (soccer) hooliganism is an umbrella term for describing various types of violations of public order.These occur not only during football matches, but also before and after matches, and while traveling to and from games. The mostcommon forms of negative behavior of soccer fans include: collective fights between rival groups, throwing dangerous objects ontothe pitch, attacking police forces and damage to trains, city buses and trams. The article discusses the facts and myths concerningthe football (soccer) hooligan subculture in Poland and presents football hooligans — mostly young males — as a socially excludedgroup. The author bases his reflections on over 20 years observation of football hooligan groups in Poland and an analysis of pressreports concerning Polish football hooliganism. In contrast to the prevailing view in the literature, the author points to numerouspsychological benefits which result from the stigmatization and exclusion process. Marginalization does not necessarily involvea decrease in the quality of life as perceived subjectively by the individual or the group. The individual may be shielded fromthe perceived sense of the low quality of life that accompanies social exclusion. This occurs as a result of the creation of group bonds,following a comprehensive set of rules of conduct and adherence to the same values. The author emphasizes that it is importantto understand the perception of “football reality” from the hooligans’ perspective and not solely from that of wider society.
3

Community Policing: Homogenous Societies are Actually Heterogenic — Challenges to Diverse Community Needs

88%
Roelofse C.
Internal Security
|
2013
|
vol. 5(2)
7-20
EN
The article presents modern approach to the concept of community policing, taking into account the need to meet the diverse needs of communities in theoretically homogeneous societies. The author presents situation of Poland in the context of political and economic changes, including a historical perspective, focusing on the factors which condition the diversity of needs resulting in the modern community policing concept. In the paper, the author compares the levels of crime in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, following their transformation process, and also indicates significant similarities in the policies of crime prevention and control. In addition, a pertinent analysis of the reasons for the increase in crime in these countries is presented, as well as important guidelines for police executives on the use of proactive and reactive strategies in the context of differences in theoretically homogeneous societies. Based on the business and system model, the correct approach to these issues is presented, characterized by a novel recognition in the area of market segmentation characteristics for product strategy. The article indicates that the identification of segments in society and their needs fulfilment should be based on policing practices moderated by scientific reasoning. The proposed trends apply both to the officers and the entire police organization, while the changes require that the role of police in society be determined as perceived by the police themselves and the public. In the context of the suggested model, the guidelines of legal, human and scientific nature are presented.
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