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Political and legal doctrines as a teaching subject at legal studies in the Third Polish Republic

100%
Zmierczak M.
Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne
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2020
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vol. 72
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issue 2
173-197
EN
The article presents a historical analysis of the content of one subject offered since 1956 to the Polish students of law, namely the “History of political and legal doctrines.” Until the 1989 this subject was treated as an introduction and presentation of only false, non-scientific ideas, confronted with the only true Marxist theory of law and state. After 1990 the subject called “Political and legal doctrines” or “Political and legal ideas” was steadily developing, it gave the broad knowledge of different political ideas like liberalism, conservatism, socialism as well as knowledge of different understanding of law, beginning with natural law, positivism and so on. At the same time the subject was depreciated and treated as a second rank, the score for students steadily diminished or the subject became non-obligatory. The article describes the long discussion of researchers and academic teachers of “Political and legal doctrines” at the faculties of law, focusing on the content of subject, the scope of coursebooks, the methodology of research and the methods of teaching. But the most important argument is, that “political and legal doctrines” became actually – together with history of law – almost the only subject, giving the students understanding and knowledge about the connection between philosophy, social science and law. The vast horizons seem necessary for lawyers, if they don’t want to be excessive positivist and dogmatic practitioners of statutes. The knowledge of different doctrines should allow them in future to have critical and broaden attitude to statutes. The conclusion is, that without the studying of “Political and legal doctrines” the studies of law change into simple dogmatic legal training.
2

Wspomnienie Profesora Wiesława Kozuba-Ciembroniewicza

88%
Sondel-Cedarmas J.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2015
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vol. 37
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issue 1
5 - 11
EN
The paper is devoted to the scholarly work of the late Prof Wiesław Kozub-Ciembroniewicz, a researcher of political and legal doctrines from Kraków. The author examines the most important areas of his research, pointing to Prof Kozub-Ciembroniewicz’s fundamental role in Polish research into the Fascist doctrine. In addition, she stresses Prof Kozub-Ciembroniewicz’s contribution to the analysis of totalitarianism carried out from a broader comparative perspective, not only with regard to Italian Fascism, but also Nazism and Bolshevism.
3

Vivere est cogitare. Szkic o dorobku naukowym prof. Marii Zmierczak

75%
Urbańczyk M.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2016
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vol. 38
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issue 4
9-28
EN
The aim of the paper is presentation of the most significant scientific interests of a full pro­fessor and post-doctorate degree Maria Zmierczak, reputed and prominent scholar of history of political and legal doctrines, for many years head of the Chair of Political and Legal Doctrines and Philosophy on the Faculty of Law and Administration at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. The scientific interests of Professor Maria Zmierczak include the classical political doctrines of 19th and 20th century and chosen legal doctrines of 20th century. Among the first ones the most compelling is the research on history and the evolution of liberalism and the study on totalitarianism and fascism. The other issues analyzed by Professor Maria Zmierczak consist of the research on the Renaissance of the natural law after the Second World War and the study on the rule of law.
4
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Zjawisko wojny w teorii konfliktu Ludwika Gumplowicza

63%
Górecki O.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio G (Ius)
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2019
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vol. 66
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issue 2
EN
Ludwik Gumplowicz (1938–1909) was one of the most outstanding Polish scientists at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, who consistently used the sociological perspective to describe the state and social phenomena. From the point of view of the discipline of political and legal doctrines, the scientific system created by him is extremely important because, as one of the first thinkers, he led the existence of a category of state from conflict and conquest (the so-called exogenous genesis of the state), consistently justified by the laws of social evolutionism. The article was devoted to proving the thesis that fatalism, which characterizes the scientific concepts of Gumplowicz, leads to the conclusion that it is impossible for people to stop waging war. In order to conduct a correct research analysis, the basic assumptions of Gumplowicz’s theory of conflict were presented first, later a simplified model of social evolution was presented and ultimately focus on the phenomenon of war described by him. Reconstructing and interpreting the concepts examined, the methodology of political and legal doctrines was used, using classical categories of the subject such as individual, society, state, power, law, and property.
PL
Ludwik Gumplowicz (1938–1909) był jednym z najwybitniejszych polskich naukowców przełomu XIX i XX w., który do opisu państwa i zjawisk społecznych konsekwentnie stosował perspektywę socjologiczną. Z punktu widzenia dyscypliny doktryn polityczno-prawnych stworzony przez niego system naukowy jest niezmiernie istotny, gdyż jako jeden z pierwszych myślicieli wyprowadził istnienie kategorii państwa z konfliktu i podboju (tzw. egzogeniczna geneza państwa), konsekwentnie uzasadnionego prawami ewolucjonizmu społecznego. Artykuł został poświęcony udowodnieniu tezy, że fatalizm charakteryzujący naukowe koncepcje Gumplowicza prowadzi do wniosku o niemożliwości zaprzestania prowadzenia wojen przez ludzi. W celu przeprowadzenia poprawnej analizy badawczej najpierw zostały zaprezentowane podstawowe założenia teorii konfliktu Gumplowicza, później ukazano uproszczony model ewolucji społecznej, by ostatecznie skupić się na opisanym przez niego zjawisku wojny. Rekonstruując i interpretując badane koncepcje, posłużono się metodologią doktryn polityczno-prawnych, operując klasycznymi kategoriami przedmiotu, jakimi są: jednostka, społeczeństwo, państwo, władza, prawo oraz własność.
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