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Defining Political Extremism in the Balkans. The Case of Serbia

100%
Babić M.
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
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2015
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vol. 17
73-90
EN
Political extremism (and particularly right wing political extremism) remains relatively insufficiently explored due to the fact that the phenomenon is controversial and hard to define. Its ambiguity and variability depending on time and spatial point of view further complicates its definition. Its structure is amorphous and eclectic as it often includes elements from different ideologies and connects incompatible ideas. A multidimensional conceptualization and an interdisciplinary approach - sociological, social, psychological and historical, are the Author’s tools in explaining the phenomenon of political extremism in Serbia, hopefully contributing to its clarification and laying a foundation for its further explanatory theoretical studies.
2
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Klasifikační chyba v policejních statistikách trestných činů s extremistickým podtextem

86%
Walach V., Petruželka B.
Česká kriminologie (Czech Criminology)
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2021
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vol. 6
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issue 1-2
1-23
EN
Police statistics serve as a basic tool for understanding the prevalence and nature of hate crimes, albeit with limited accuracy. This study focuses on statistics for crimes with an extremist context provided by the Czech police, which also includes bias crimes. The aim is to ascertain the extent to which police statistics correspond to the information available to criminal justice authorities. Following existing research on hate crime statistics, the analysis maps classification error, i.e., a situation in which statistical data do not correspond to the information provided by criminal justice authorities. A comparative analysis reveals that the number of bias crimes is higher than stated in police statistics and over half of the anti-Jewish, anti-Roma and anti-Muslim crimes are misclassified in terms of motive.
3

Freedoms of Expression, Political Extremism and Seditious Speech in the United States Supreme Court’s Jurisprudence (Part I)

86%
Machaj Ł.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2017
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vol. 39
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issue 3
7-21
EN
The article is the first part of a monothematic cycle devoted to the case law of the Supreme Court of the United States concerning the scope of constitutional protection of seditious and pol­itically extremist speech under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The author discusses the historical origins of the problem in question, focusing particularly on the decisions and practical application of the so-called Sedition Act of 1798, a regulation which drastically restricted the freedom of public debate by de facto criminalising speech that was critical of the government. Although the normative act in question has never been the subject of the Supreme Court’s rulings, it was unequivocally condemned in the obiter dicta to several statements of reasons behind the Su­preme Court’s opinions and is commonly deemed unconstitutional in the doctrine.
4
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The specifics of the investigation of manifestations of political extremism from the perspective of expert witness

72%
Svoboda I.
Security Dimensions: International & National Studies
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2015
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vol. 14(14)
30-35
EN
The paper deals with the specifics of the investigation of manifestations of political extremism. Political extremism and particularly right-wing political extremism is a present phenomenon, which is from the perspective of Criminology research so specific, that it requires a specific approach in its assessment, especially from a position of legal experts. therefore it is advisable to choose a suitable specific methodology of scientific research on this phenomenon and the need for the court to provide findings that are relevant in the decision in a particular case. in conclusion, the author is then proposing general principles and approaches to solve this current phenomenon of our time.
5

Ekstremizm polityczny: nieudana próba delegalizacji Narodowodemokratycznej Partii Niemiec (NPD) w latach 2001–2003 i jej znaczenie dla polskiego porządku prawnego

72%
Scheffler T.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2015
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vol. 37
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issue 3
89 - 103
EN
The author of the article analyses the causes of the failure of attempts to ban the National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD), attempts made at the beginning of the 21st century by the Federal Republic of Germany’s legislative and executive authorities. During the investigation of the matter it turned out that some of the alleged offences that were to have been the basis of making the party illegal were initiated by secret agents controlled by the state’s security services. A blocking minority of judges concluded that this was a reason to dismiss the case. The author puts forward three theses: that the notion of political extremism has lost its descriptive sense, that the qualified majority procedure in the constitutional court’s rulings hinders the protection of the rights of minorities, and that Polish proceedings concerning the activity of political organisations should feature investigations of the involvement of security services in the activities of these entities.
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