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The Gender Gap in Political Knowledge in Poland

100%
Kunovich R. M., Kunovich S.
Polish Sociological Review
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2016
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vol. 193
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issue 1
33-48
EN
This paper utilizes nationally representative survey data to examine the gender gap in political knowledge in Poland. Political knowledge was assessed by asking respondents to indicate whether each of twelve national political parties was currently in the ruling coalition. We use motivation, ability, and opportunity to explain political knowledge. We predict answering ‘don’t know’ as well as answering all questions correctly. Political interest, educational attainment, previous voting behavior, having children, and age predict ‘don’t know’ responses for men and women. Having access to cable or satellite TV appears to reduce ‘don’t know’ responses, but only for men. All else being equal, men and women are equally likely to answer ‘don’t know.’ Political interest, educational attainment, previous voting behavior, age, and self-esteem predict perfect scores for women and men. Religious attendance increases perfect scores, but only for women. The gender gap in perfect scores remains significant despite controls.
2

THE EFFECT OF MEDIA AND POLITICAL BELIEFS AND ATTITUDES ON TRUST IN POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS ON DATA FROM 21 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

72%
MACHÁČKOVÁ H., TKACZYK M.
Communication Today
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2020
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vol. 11
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issue 2
64 - 83
EN
While trust in political institutions is a necessary condition for the working of democracy, its level is constantly in decline in Western democracies. Therefore, in this study, we examine factors that are associated with the perceived trust in political institutions. In this investigation, we centred on the role of media, specifically news consumption, internet usage, and cross-country differences concerning the relationship between media and politics. Using data from the 2016 European Social Survey (N = 37,159 respondents, 52% males, age M = 49.47), we tested a multilevel model predicting trust in political institutions by media factors, political beliefs and attitudes, and demographics. We also tested the moderation effects between news consumption and political beliefs and attitudes, as well as for the effect of the media system on a national level. The findings show that news consumption had no single direct effect on trust, but it moderated the effect of political interest. The effect of Internet usage on trust was only negligible and not significant after the inclusion of political beliefs and attitudes in the model. There were also differences between media models. Countries belonging to the Democratic Corporatist Model (but also Ireland and the United Kingdom) were characterised by overall higher trust than countries in the Polarized Pluralist Model and Central and Eastern European Model.
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Pozaekonomiczne aspekty likwidacji szkół w gminach wiejskich

72%
KOTARBA B.
Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka
|
2017
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vol. 8
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issue 4
50-55
PL
Niekorzystne trendy demograficzne w połączeniu z przyjętym sposobem finansowania wydatków oświatowych coraz częściej zmuszają władze gmin, zwłaszcza wiejskich, do likwidacji szkół z przyczyn ekonomicznych. Likwidacja szkoły ma jednak również inne, społeczne wymiary. W artykule na podstawie badań empirycznych przedstawiono ich analizę. Pozytywnie zweryfikowano hipotezę: pozaekonomiczne aspekty likwidacji szkół nie odgrywają większej roli w dłuż-szym okresie, nie powodują znaczącego spadku poparcia społecznego dla wójtów i burmistrzów i dlatego nie stanowią zagrożenia ich interesów politycznych.
EN
Unfavorable demographic trends combined with the way educational expenditures are financed force commune authorities, especially rural ones, to close down schools for economic reasons more and more frequently. Apart from a financial one, a closure of a school has other, social dimensions as well. In the article, based on empirical studies, the analysis of those dimension is presented. The hypothesis that the non-economic aspects of school closure do not play a greater role in the long run, do not significantly reduce social support for commune heads and mayors and therefore do not pose a threat to their political interests has been positively verified.
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