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EN
Japan 311 earthquake/tsunami and the following nuclear disaster in Fukushima create a strong anti-nuclear public opinion in Taiwan. Thus, the government was forced to seal Taiwan's fourth nuclear power plant at Dragon Gate, wavering its final decision. Nonetheless, the immediate damage caused by the nuclear disaster is far less than earthquake/tsunami. Why should people be scared by the nuclear disaster rather than the huge destructiveness of earthquake/tsunami? Indeed, the real danger after a nuclear disaster is the long-term health risks caused by radiation, but the health risks of unhealthy diet and lifestyle are actually far greater than those from radiation. Since people can accept unhealthy diet and lifestyle, why can't they accept nuclear power plant? Moreover, the climax of anti-nuclear public opinion in Taiwan was not reached at the immediate aftermath of 2011 3/11 earthquake/tsunami but three years later in 2014. Why was it? This article addresses all these puzzles and argues that, anti-nuclear public opinion in Taiwan is the product of lack of knowledge and political manipulation. With more information and without political ideology, the anti-nuclear public opinion in Taiwan will be changed. This argument is later confirmed by the internet questionnaire survey of article.
EN
The main goal of opinion polls is to gather and interpret as much information as possible, which could help us characterise the political arena and to analyse the emerging phenomena and trends. From this perspective opinion polls are one of the best means to look at people’s opinions and social beliefs. It is not easy though to get trustworthy information on Poles’ preferences. Rankings of politicians and political parties differ according to different polling centres. Therefore, the question remains whether opinion polls in election campaigns are really important. They are certainly considered a trustworthy and opinion-forming source of Poles’ preferences by voters.
EN
The so-called ‘Overton Window of Political Possibilities’ originates from a concept named after Joseph P. Overton and is based on the assumption that any collection of public policies within a policy area can be arranged in order from more free to less free. At any one time, some group of adjacent policies along the freedom spectrum fall into a ‘window of political possibility’. Policies inside the window are politically acceptable, meaning officeholders believe they can support the policies and survive the next election.
EN
Analyses the dynamics and characteristics of political marketing in election campaigns the period of existence of the independent Ukraine. The influence of the nature of the electoral processes of social, economic, financial, social and other factors.
EN
Today, the problem of political governance is one of the most important. There is an urgent need to create standards and institutions that would be effective and adequate to peculiarities of the contemporary society. One of the forms of socio-political governance is political manipulation of public consciousness. Modernization of the political system of society causes corresponding changes in the processes of management and manipulation. The influence on political consciousness and behavior is different at the traditional, modern and so-called postmodern stages of social development. The genesis of political manipulation of worldview values is the subject of this study. In the structure of political consciousness, which is a component of political culture, the value-worldview component is one of the most important. Values forms a motivational basis of political behavior. It is argued that values change in the predicted direction, and political manipulation could affect the value orientations of public consciousness. Analysis of the state of scientific development of the problem of political manipulation shows that the value-worldview component as an important component of political consciousness is poorly studied. The study of the peculiarities of political manipulation of the value component of political consciousness in the framework of this article is important, because the corresponding cultural dynamics affects the functioning of the political system.
EN
The article features the analysis of hyperbole as a means of political manipulation using an example of press headlines. The collected material was analyzed taking the value criterion into account. Negative and positive hyperboles and hyperbolization devices were distinguished which turned out to be mainly the lexemes included in specific semantic fields.
PL
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PL
Przedmiotem analizy jest upolitycznienie w polskim systemie szkolnym wieku obowiązku szkolnego w ramach wdrażanej przez ministerstwo edukacji od 2009 r. zmiany ustrojowej. Odpowiadam na pytanie, czy rzeczywiście sześciolatki są do tej zmiany gotowe, dojrzałe? Czy poradzą sobie w szkole, która konstruuje proces uczenia się w sposób już radykalnie odmienny od przedszkolnego? Problem nie sprowadza się bowiem do dojrzałości psychofizycznej, ale do dojrzałości instytucjonalnej i obowiązującego curriculum. Argumentacja władz edukacyjnych nie ma nic wspólnego z naukową, gdyż nie o wspieranie rozwoju dzieci chodziło w tej zmianie, ale o jak najwcześniejsze wypchnięcie absolwentów obowiązkowego szkolnictwa na rynek pracy. Wykazuję, jak powoływanie się przez władze na brytyjskie rozwiązania w tym zakresie służy jedynie manipulacji politycznej.
EN
The analysis is based on the politicization of the age of compulsory school since 2009 in Poland. It was implemented in the framework of state system change by the Ministry of Education. In my work I answer the question whether six years old children are ready for this change and mature enough? Can they cope in schools, which lead the learning process in a way that is radically different from the pre-school education? The problem is not related only with the psychophysical maturity, but the maturity of the existing institutions and curriculum. Education authorities presents different point of view to scientifical approach, due to the fact that the main aim of this educational change was movement of compulsory education graduates into labor market as early as possible. It was not related with support of children’s development. I claim that quoting the British authorities solutions, by educational political authorities from our country, only serves to political manipulation.
EN
Political actors are increasingly using online algorithmic technologies to manipulate the public opinion more than ever before. With this in mind it is necessary to recognize the powerful possibilities that come with microtargeting, personalization of political messages and management of semi-automated social actors (bots). The basic research question asked in the article focuses on political rivalry. The author ponders on the extent to which political persuasive and manipulative actions, supported by algorithmic software of social media, fit within the existing perception of different forms of propaganda.
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2019
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vol. 28
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issue 4
121-134
EN
The paper consists of two complementary parts: theoretical and empirical ones. The first part of the article describes main features of political discrediting applied in media content. The second part was devoted to a discrediting role of graphical and text messages placed on front covers. The author applied qualitative (interpretative) methods to analyse four selected covers of Polish weekly magazines, such as “Do Rzeczy”, “Sieci”, “Newsweek Polska” and “Polityka”.
PL
Punktem wyjścia rozważań sensu stricto są tezy marcowe Lenina z 1916 r. Zawarte w nich twierdzenie o prawie narodów do samostanowienia skonfrontowane zostało z praktyką wdrażania tego prawa po październiku 1917 r., gdy w wyniku zwycięskiego przewrotu bolszewicy objęli władzę w państwie. Analizie poddane zostały pisma i wypowiedzi Lenina, a także Trockiego i Stalina, prześledzone skutki ich wdrażania (bądź nie) w sowieckiej rzeczywistości pierwszych lat po przewrocie, jak też w całym okresie funkcjonowania państwa „nowego typu”.The starting point of these reflections sensu stricto are Lenin’s March Theses of 1916. One of their statements, on the right of nations to self-determination, has been compared with the practical implementation of the right following the successful October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks took power in Russia. An analysis has been conducted of Lenin’s writings and statements, but also of Trotsky and Stalin, and the consequences of their implementations (or not) have been followed both in the Soviet reality of first years after the coup, and throughout the whole period of existence of this “new type” of state.
PL
Głos prawicowego dyskursu populistycznego, który staje się coraz głośniejszy, nie-wątpliwie zasługuje na naszą uwagę. W tym kontekście nasuwają się następujące pytania: co pomaga różnym prawicowym populistom osiągnąć sukces? Z czym i w jaki sposób zwracają się do swojego wyborcy, aby zdobyć jego głos? W artykule omówiono techniki i strategie ma-nipulacji politycznej, w szczególności technikę emocjonalizacji. Skupiono się na dwóch prze-ciwstawnych biegunach na skali emocjonalnej/afektywnej związane z żalem i płaczem lub śmiechem i pożądaniem. Badanie dotyczy materiałów wizualnych (plakatów, występów online itp.) używanych w public relations i posiadających największy potencjał, by najszybciej dotrzeć i wzbudzić zainteresowanie odbiorcy. Analizie poddano efekty wynikające z repre-zentacji i instrumentalizacji afektów i emocji mających wpływać na odbiorcę.
EN
The increasingly louder voice of right-wing populist discourse undoubtedly de-serves our attention. In this context, the question arises: what helps the different right-wing populist subjects to achieve their success? How and how do they address the voters to win their vote? The paper deals with the techniques and strategies of political manipulation, es-pecially with the technique of emotionalization. The focus is on two opposite poles on the emotional or affective scale, which can be associated with grief and crying or laughing and pleasure. The research deals with the relevance that the visual material (posters, online pres-ence, etc.) used by the political parties has on the voter recipients. The study analyzes which effects result from the representation and instrumentalization of affects and emotions and how they can influence the recipient.
DE
Die immer lauter werdende Stimme des rechtspopulistischen Diskurses verdient ohne Zweifel unsere Aufmerksamkeit. In diesem Zusammenhang drängen sich die Fragen auf: Was verhilft den unterschiedlichen rechts orientierten populistischen Subjekten zu ihrem Er-folg? Womit und wie sprechen sie ihre Wähler an, um deren Stimmen zu gewinnen? Der vor-liegende Beitrag setzt sich mit den Techniken und Strategien der politischen Manipulation, insbesondere mit der Technik der Emotionalisierung, auseinander. Im Fokus stehen dabei zwei entgegengesetzte Pole auf der emotionalen bzw. affektiven Skala, die sich mit Trauer und Weinen oder Lachen und Lust assoziieren lassen. Die Untersuchung befasst sich mit dem visuellen Material (Plakate, Onlineauftritte usw.), die Parteien im Rahmen ihrer Öffentlich-keitsarbeit verwenden. Dieses hat das größte und schnellste Potenzial, das Interesse der Re-zipienten zu wecken. Analysiert wird, welche Effekte sich aus der Darstellung und Instrumenta-lisierung der Affekte und Emotionen ergeben und wie sie den Rezipienten beeinflussen können.
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