Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 6

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  political mythology
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
PL
Prezentowany tom „Studiów Politologicznych” poświęcony jest terroryzmowi – formie radykalnej przemocy politycznej zastraszającej społeczeństwa, podejmowanej z premedytacją w celu wyrażenia sprzeciwu i protestu. Okrucieństwo aktu terrorystycznego ma oburzyć i przerazić. Stąd terroryzm bywa ujmowany jako metoda działania, której psychologicznym efektem jest wywoływanie terroru. Z kolei jako zjawisko, terroryzm wiązany jest z trzema zagadnieniami: (1) z gwałtowną taktyką działania opartą na stosowaniu przemocy, (2) z dominującą aktywnością podmiotów niepaństwowych, (3) oraz z celami politycznymi. Wokół tych trzech tematów skupiają się studia nad terroryzmem, którym według świata nauki oraz ekspertów towarzyszy nie tylko dyskurs akademicki, ale również stanowiska formułowane przez państwa, debaty publiczne stymulowane przez media oraz dyskusje w środowiskach pozasytemowych wspierających użycie przemocy.
EN
The main objective of my article is to demonstrate the complex issues of geopolitics and national identity in South Asia. Both are interrelated with each other and a political myth on national identity may owe its final shape to geopolitical constraints. These in turn may set limits to social revolutions that intend to transform the society of which the national identity is a vital part. Nepal with its strategic location between India and China and with its revolutionary transformation process is a good illustration of that interrelation. The “clash of political ideas” – which is materialized in the ideological opposition of a revolutionary republic versus a traditional kingdom – is a relevant part of the text. It is noteworthy however that the “clash” should be interpreted in the context of geopolitical strategies initiated by the two Asian superpowers who have their own conflicting interests in Nepal. The domestic strife has its regional dimensions that could be classified as a part of the New Great Game of the 21st century being played out by Beijing and Delhi.
EN
The article analyzes the victorious election of Solidarity on 4 June 1989. Władysław Pasikowski, a young Polish director, has shown in the movie Dogs (1992) a metaphor of the 4 June victory, which is analyzed in this article. Other issues from the movie are not presented, neither is the contemporary political situation. Only the contemporary context of the movie is presented. The movie Dogs shows a wide political and cultural background of a political change, probably because Pasikowski is a cultural anthropologist, not only a director. The article consists of three parts. In the first part of the article I present a concept of mythology by Roland Barthes in my own interpretation; I named my interpretation a political mythology. In the second part of the text I explain the phrase “forgotten victory” and discuss the political context “forgetfulness.” In the last part of the article I analyze the movie Dogs. Pasikowski presented a story of a police officer and his community (political police) during transformation in Poland. Pasikowski showed in the film the last days of the People’s Poland, her moral and political downfall. This film gave rise to many voices and commentaries, both positive and disapproving. The film was recognized by victims fighting about liberty as hurtful. Especially, a scene in a policemen canteen was recognized as derogatory. In a few scenes of the movie Pasikowski described the elite of People’s Poland. Pasikowski told a story about the last days of People’s Poland in the context of a crime. Since the movie Dogs, Pasikowski has debated with the Polish Film School and at the same time he has carried on with moral issues of the Polish Film School. He said and showed where the winners of Maciek Chełmicki, the protagonist of the film Popiół i diament (Ashes and Diamonds) of Andrzej Wajda (director) and Jerzy Andrzejewski (writer), are now. Moreover, Pasikowski has discussed in films with Polish right-wing parties and right-wing journalists about the beginning of the Third Republic of Poland.
Horyzonty Polityki
|
2023
|
vol. 14
|
issue 46
53-68
EN
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The main aim of the article is the presentation of the basic political ideas contained in S. Spielberg’s movie The Post. Moreover, the specific aim is to present the mythological message of the film and to list the elements that construct it. Another specific goal is to present the ways to reach a mass audience with an ideological message (political thriller). THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: Which ideas of the fourth power are exposed in the movie addressed to the mass audience in the US? What are the arguments supporting these ideas? When did the fourth estate in the American system weaken, and why? The analysis uses the mythological concept of R. Barthes and the structural method developed by him (myth analysis). THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The introductory considerations concern the concept of the fourth estate and political myth, then the core of the article discusses the message of the film and indicates the basic problems discussed. RESEARCH RESULTS: S. Spielberg, in the movie addressed to a mass audience, presented the moment of shaping the idea of the fourth estate, in the historical sense it is the war in Vietnam, in the political sense (Pentagon Papers) a conflict between freedom of speech and state security. The fourth power is a political idea, the aim of which is to control the actions of  an authority and to defend the domain of the press, its right to form opinions and freedom of speech. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The conclusions of the article are addressed to political science researchers, journalists and politicians. The article shows how the control functions of the executive and legislative power are weakened, and also diagnoses how to repair a malfunctioning political system. In addition, a new source of political analysis, a mass movie, was identified.
PL
Cel naukowy: Głównym celem artykułu jest ukazanie podstawowych idei politycznych zawartych w filmie S. Spielberga The Post. Ponadto celem szczegółowym jest prezentacja mitologicznego przesłania filmu i wyszczególnienie elementów ją tworzących. Kolejnym celem szczegółowym jest przedstawienie sposobów dotarcia z przekazem ideowym do masowego odbiorcy (thriller polityczny). Problem i metody badawcze: Jakie idee czwartej władzy są eksponowane w obrazie skierowanym do masowej publiczności w USA? Jakie są używane argumenty za tymi ideami? Kiedy nastąpiło osłabienie działania czwartej władzy w systemie amerykańskim i dlaczego? W analizie skorzystano z mitologicznej koncepcji R. Barthesa i przez niego opracowanej metody strukturalnej (analiza mitu). Proces wywodu: W rozważaniach wstępnych przedstawiono pojęcie czwartej władzy i mitu politycznego, następnie w korpusie artykułu omówiono przesłanie filmu, wskazano podstawowe problemy omawiane w filmie. Wyniki analizy naukowej: Spielberg w obrazie skierowanym do masowego odbiorcy przedstawił moment kształtowania się idei czwartej władzy, w sensie historycznym jest to wojna w Wietnamie, w sensie politycznym (Pentagon Papers) spór między wolnością słowa a bezpieczeństwem państwa. Czwarta władza jest ideą polityczną, której celem jest kontrola poczynań rządu i obrona domeny prasy, jej prawa do kształtowania opinii i wolność słowa. Wnioski, innowacje, rekomendacje: Wnioski z artykułu skierowane są do badaczy polityki, dziennikarzy i polityków. Artykuł pokazuje w jaki sposób następuje osłabienie funkcji kontrolnych władzy wykonawczej i ustawodawczej, a także diagnozuje w jaki sposób naprawić źle działający system polityczny. Ponadto wskazano nowe źródło dla analiz politycznych, masowy film. 
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
|
2019
|
vol. 63
|
issue 3
171-201
EN
The author refers to Roland Barthes’s early concept of mythology in analyzing the films of Jerzy Kawalerowicz, one of the most outstanding Polish directors of the twentieth century. He interprets three of Kawalerowicz’s films, Pociąg [Night Train], Matka Joanna od Aniołów [Mother Joan of the Angels] and Faraon [Pharaoh], which are read in the mythological register and in the political context. First the statements of the director in regard to each film are presented, then the judgments of film critics are provided, and finally the author gives his own interpretation. Night Train is shown as a film addressing the wrongs of the Stalinist era, and the problem of a totalitarian state. Mother Joanne of the Angels questions the sense of ideology in a totalitarian world, and is partially the director’s search for political identity, while Pharaoh is a look at the post-October reformers and the reasons for their failure. Pharaoh also provides a new vision of the state.
RU
Кодзики и Нихон сёки были неотъемлемой частью формирования японской идентичности, особенно с 18 века. Как таковые, они постоянно подвергались процессам сакрализации и десакрализации, т. е. присвоению и отстранению власти. Исследовательский проект «Священное повествование - политическое измерение японской мифологии» посвящен тому, как определенные системы мысли или идеологии использовали эти тексты таким образом, чтобы возвысить их или лишить их этого положения. Организованный по трем основным направлениям, проект исследует тему исторических изменений, которые претерпели Кодзики и Нихон сёки с точки зрения интерпретации и инструментализации от периода Эдо до современной Японии. Эти исследования включены в исследовательскую группу «Десакрализация текстов» в Тюбингенском университете, которая начала свою работу в январе 2022 года. В этом междисциплинарном контексте «Священное повествование» стремится способствовать интеграции восточноазиатской текстуальности в общую теорию. Образование.
EN
The Kojiki and Nihon shoki have been integral to the formation of Japanese identity, especially since the 18th century. As such, they were constantly exposed to processes of sacralization and desacralization, i.e., the attribution and removal of authority. The research project “Sacred Narrative – The Political Dimension of Japanese Mythology” is concerned with how certain systems of thought or ideology used these texts in a way that raised them to an elevated position or deprived them of it. Organized in three focus areas, the project delves into the topic of the historical change the Kojiki and Nihon shoki underwent in terms of interpretation and instrumentalization from the Edo period up to modern-day Japan. These investigations are integrated into the research group “De/Sacralization of Texts” at the University of Tübingen that started its work in January 2022. In this interdisciplinary context, “Sacred narrative” seeks to promote the integration of East-Asian textuality into general theory formation.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.