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1

The Religious and Quasi-Religious Genealogy of the Theology of Nazism

100%

Bubnov E.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2021

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issue 1

69-86

EN

The article is dedicated to the understanding of the Nazi anthropology as an element of the quasi-religious concept. Adolf Hitler’s racial theory unequivocally rejected the human status of persons not belonging to the Caucasian race, labeling them as Untermensch (“under-man”). Such an attitude was due to several prerequisites. However, the core reason is manifested not in the rational sphere. In the twentieth century, concepts of quasi-religions and political religions became widespread due to the reign of two totalitarian ideologies in Eurasia—Nazism and Communism. Numerous scholars emphasized the fact that these ideologies performed religious functions thus occupying an intellectual space at the interface between the religious and the secular. Quasi-religion adherents may be equally fanatic as religious radicals. Questions about whether this similarity is mere coincidence or whether quasi-religions are derivatives from traditional religions and the meaning of this problem today deserve close attention.

2

The Political Anthropology of Edmund Husserl

84%

Gniazdowski A.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2018

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issue 4

195-214

EN

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the debate on the relation between phenomenology and philosophical anthropology by analyzing it in the selected, theoretical as well as historical contexts. The author focuses primarily on the problem of Edmund Husserl’s criticism of anthropologism and analyzes the practical meaning of the rejectionby him of anthropology as a true foundation of philosophy. The thesis of the paper is that already by rejecting anthropologism in the logic and theory of knowledge, Husserl presupposed some idea of philosophical anthropology in the “foundational” sense he criticized, and that this implicit idea was pursued by him not only from pure theoretical reason. In reference to Leszek Kołakowski and the methodology of the Warsaw School of the History of Ideas, which he applies in his interpretation of the idea of phenomenology, the author of the article attempts, unlike Kołakowski, to reveal not only the “religious” (in a vague sense), but also the specific political meaning of this idea. What is argued here is that the only possible reconciliation between anti-anthropologism on the one hand and the outspoken humanism of transcendental phenomenology on the other lies in the adoption by Husserl of Johann Gottlieb Fichte’s ideal of humanity as its practical, worldview framework. The practical, if not directly political, motif of Husserl’s radical criticism of anthropologism is, in author’s interpretation, Husserl’s attempt to answer, in the reference to this ideal, to the main political question of his times as consisting in the rising racist and anti-Semitic tendencies in the German naturalistic anthropology.

3

Jak zmierzyć gnozę polityczną? Przykłady empiryczne z Rosji Putina

67%

Rak J.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2017

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issue 4

159-172

PL

The research applies a method of sources analysis that draws upon a qualitative comparative study of three speeches delivered by Russia’s President Vladimir Putin during his annual news conferences. It aims to solve the problems: how was political gnosis changing in Putin’s statements over the subsequent 2014–2016 meetings? And how was Putin triggering off a performative potential of presumably non-gnostic elements of discourse to enhance political gnosis? It identifies the drift from authoritarian to totalitarian and democratic gnosis and recognizes a moderate extent of the intensity of political gnosis. The article contributes to political sociology by creating and testing the empirical effectiveness of a research tool for measuring the types and intensity of political gnosis, and distinguishing between political diagnosis and gnosis.

EN

Badanie wykorzystuje metodę analizy źródeł opierającą się na jakościowej analizie komparatystycznej wystąpień prezydenta Rosji Władimira Putina podczas dorocznych konferencji prasowych. Jego celem jest rozwiązanie problemów badawczych: jak zmieniała się gnoza polityczna w przemówieniach Putina w latach 2014–2016 podczas kolejnych konferencji? Jak Putin wyzwalał potencjał performatywny z niegnostycznych elementów dyskursu po to, żeby wzmocnić gnozę polityczną? W wyniku analizy określono jakościową zmianę polegającą na przejściu od autorytarnej do totalitarnej i demokratycznej gnozy politycznej, a także ustalono wystąpienie umiarkowanego stopnia nasilenia elementów gnostycznych. Artykuł formułuje narzędzia do pomiaru typów i natężenia gnozy politycznej oraz rozróżniania diagnozy politycznej od gnozy, które są ważne dla badań z zakresu socjologii polityki i testuje ich empiryczną efektywność.

4

Filosofie po Buči: současné diskuse v kontextu ukrajinské filosofie

67%

Volkovskyj V., Samčuk R.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2024

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vol. 72

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issue 2

315-328

EN

This text analyzes the discussions that have arisen in the context of the Russia- Ukraine war. The subject of the analysis is the debate taking place in the Ukrainian intellectual sphere and its polemic with certain tendencies in the West towards understanding the war. The discovery of the tragic consequences of the war gave rise to the terms “theology after Bucha” and “philosophy after Bucha” in the Ukrainian philosophical and theological environment. The authors connect this discussion with the older discourses on “philosophy/theology after Auschwitz” and “philosophy after the Gulag.” They also examine the related issue of the examination of the doctrine of the “Russian world,” especially from a postcolonial perspective, and present some of the new ideas that have been formulated in the course of the aforementioned debates. The text combines the genres of a scholarly article and a philosophical essay, which is justified by the need to concurrently show the source base of the research and give expression to the existential tension of the topic.

CS

Tento text analyzuje diskuse, které se objevily v souvislosti s rusko-ukrajinskou válkou. Předmětem analýzy je debata v ukrajinském intelektuálním prostoru a její polemika s určitými tendencemi v chápání této války na Západě. Objevení tragických důsledků této války vyvolalo v ukrajinském filosofickém a teologickém prostředí diskusi témat „teologie po Buči“ a „filosofie po Buči“. Autoři tuto diskusi propojují se staršími diskurzy „filosofie/teologie po Osvětimi“ a „filosofie po Gulagu“. Rozebírají také související problematiku zkoumání doktríny „ruského světa“, zejména v postkoloniální perspektivě, a představují některé nové myšlenky, které byly během v rámci zmíněných debat formulovány. Text kombinuje žánry odborného článku a filosofického eseje, což je odůvodněno potřebou ukázat současně pramennou základnu výzkumu i vyjádřit existenciální napětí daného tématu.

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2 Dialogue and Universalism

1 Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

1 Przegląd Politologiczny

1 Bubnov E.

1 Gniazdowski A.

1 Rak J.

1 Samčuk R.

1 Volkovskyj V.

1 2024

1 2021

1 2018

1 2017

The Religious and Quasi-Religious Genealogy of the Theology of Nazism

The Political Anthropology of Edmund Husserl

Jak zmierzyć gnozę polityczną? Przykłady empiryczne z Rosji Putina

Filosofie po Buči: současné diskuse v kontextu ukrajinské filosofie