Micro-morphological characteristics of the four Gladiolus L. species of the Ukrainian flora (G. imbricatus L., G. italicus Mill., G. palustris Gaudin and G. tenuis M. Bieb.) as regards leaves, seeds and pollens are presented with this investigation in a detailed way. An examination of the surface structure of the leaves, seeds and pollen grains of the Gladiolus species indicates that the characteristics of the ultrastructure of leaves and of pollen grains are not diagnostic for distinguishing species, but they could be important at genus level (leaves: features such as being amphistomatic, having the same quantity of immersed stomata on both surfaces and having a high stomata index, the presence and localisation of papillae, the shape of epidermal cells; pollen grains: monosulcate type with two operculums). However, the type of surface ultrastructure of the seed coat is a diagnostic feature as at genus level so for species. It can be mentioned that propose the use of features such as the shape and position of the cicatricle, the type of cuticle, the shape and boundaries of cells of testa, and the anticlinal cell walls as diagnostic features at genera level. The shape of seeds, the presence and disposition of wing, the level of the periclinal cell walls of the seed coat and types of relief are additional diagnostic features for distinguishing of Gladiolus species.
Article concerns the issue of trace as a part of investigation, its importance for detecting crime and perpetrators. since the middle of 20th century, the palynological technique became a valuable source of information. For these reasons, the paper focuses mainly on the judicial (forensic) palynology. Briefly the phenomenon of pollen and spores spectrum is presented, ways of its’ analysis, the value of obtained results and the scope of application. Examples of inquiry and judicial practices are given, although not only limited to the usefulness of palynology in investigations. In addition, scientific methods of palynology and the verification procedure are indicated.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.