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PL
The article discusses a regional variety of Polish spoken in Kiyv preserved in the Polish-Latin panegyrics composed by Stefan Jaworski (1656(8)–1722) to venerate Warłam Jasiński. The analysis aims at drawing a catalogue of phonetic, inflectional, word formation and syntactic idiolectal features of this variety as juxtaposed against the 17th century standard Polish. The analysis reveals the poet’s fluency in a language that was foreign (second) to him. This fluency also covers the poet’s skill in using varietal forms to achieve artistic aims. The regional forms subject to the study often display closeness to the ones in the Borderland variety of Polish, yet with an idiolectal inflectional features, e.g.: a large number of participles ending in -owszy or frequent cases of l/ł alternation.
PL
The Nowogródek i okolice [Nowogródek and environs] tourist guide by Józef Żmigrodzki occasionally reveals some phonetic features typical for North-Eastern Borderlands Polish (rznięty, najprzód, szkarpa), peculiar noun inflections (uczni, soft instead of hard adjectival stem – bezleśni), peculiar adjectival and adverbial gradation forms (najpamiętniejszy, najkonieczniejszy, szczególniej), emphasising word using the -ż particle (temuż). Typical word formation features include the adverbial suffix -o instead of -’e (zaledwo) and 23 peculiar prefixed verbs (e.g. pobudować – zbudować ). Syntax features present in the work include a total of 6 language structures: adjective/participle predicate in the locative instead of nominative case (2), historic non-compound form of the passive participle in the predicate (1), verbs governing unusual cases (3). Word material is much more abundant, with 63 single lexical units, 6 peculiar phrases and 1 peculiar expression.The text of Żmigrodzki’s book undoubtedly bears witness to the North-Eastern Borderlands heritage of its author. Other interwar writings originating from the North-Eastern Borderlands should be the subject of linguistic studies as well.
PL
Celem artykułu jest rekonstrukcja językowego stereotypu mieszkańca Krakowa uwzględniająca zarówno perspektywę wewnętrzną społeczności lokalnej, jak i perspektywę zewnętrzną tych, którzy do owej wspólnoty nie należą. Do opisu wybrano określenia będące nośnikami lokalnego dziedzictwa kulturowo-historycznego, takie jak: krakus i krakauer, które funkcjonują w opozycji do oficjalnego krakowianin. Przyjęty przez autorki punkt wyjścia – wyraz i jego tekstowe użycia – zakłada analizę semazjologiczną, w której zmierza się do odkrycia w tekstach subtelnych różnic semantycznych między badanymi jednostkami, a w konsekwencji ewokowanego przez nie stereotypowego obrazu mieszkańca Krakowa. Korpus badawczy stanowią materiały regionalne, dane językowe z Narodowego Korpusu Języka Polskiego, inne teksty internetowe oraz wyniki przeprowadzonej ankiety sondażowej.
EN
The aim of the article is a reconstruction of the lingual stereotype of an inhabitant of Cracow. The authors take into consideration both an internal perspective of the local community and an external perspective of people who do not belong to this social group. For our research we have chosen names of Cracow’s inhabitans – “krakus” and “krakuaer”, as opposed to “krakowianin” that are carriers of local cultural and historic heritage. Therefore, in the analysis, the authors take a semasiological point of view investigating in texts subtle semantic differences between the mentioned lexemes, consequently recreating the stereotypical image of an inhabitant of Cracow. The material analyzed in the article consists of regional literature, texts from the National Corpus of Polish, other internet texts and results of survey research.
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