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Název místní části : příspěvek k toponomastické terminologii

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Boháčová M.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 56
46-51
EN
The article strives to reflect the toponomastic term „název místní části“ (minor settlement name). In scholarly toponomastic works, this term is currently used in a meaning different from the definition given in a work dealing with Slavonic onomastics (1973): minor settlement within a village can refer both to built-up and vacant areas in the village, to objects standing autonomously as well as inside the built-up area. The term minor settlement („místní část“) is not event included in a current law on villages - therefore a question arises, whether this term should be replaced by another one and newly defined as well.
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Collectivization and nationalization of agriculture in Czechoslovakia : changes of rural landscape - and namescape?

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Štěpán P.
Acta onomastica
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2019
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vol. 60
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issue 1
130-137
EN
The article investigates how the political changes (namely the suppression of the individual ownership of land) and the subsequent changes of the landscape influenced the change of the “namescape” in rural localities in the Czech Republic. The analysed data come from the survey of non-settlement names from the territory of Bohemia, organized in the years 1963–1980. In many localities, the new tracts of land came into existence no sooner than in this period, therefore this survey enables us to trace their names in statu nascendi, in the course of their being formed. The names of the newly created tracts of land often had many variants, they were not regularly used, and generally they displayed many traits of instability. The situation strongly differed from one locality to another. In some villages no large tracts of land could come into existence due to hard terrain conditions. In some localities, all the names of the new tracts of land are formed by adoption of the original field names without any changes.
CS
Článek se zabývá vlivem politických změn (konkrétně potlačením individuálního vlastnictví půdy) a následných proměn krajiny na pomístní jména v českých venkovských lokalitách. Analyzovaný materiál pochází ze soupisů pomístních jmen z území Čech z let 1963–1980. V mnoha obcích vznikaly nové hony až v tomto období, díky soupisům proto může sledovat jejich jména in statu nascendi, v okamžiku jejich vzniku. Jména nově vytvořených honů často měla mnoho variant, nebyla užívána pravidelně a celkově byla velmi nestabilní. Situace se velmi lišila lokalitu od lokality. V některých obcích rozlehlé hony nemohly vzniknout kvůli obtížným terénním podmínkám. V některých lokalitách vznikla všechna pojmenování honů převzetím původních názvů polí bez jakýchkoli změn.
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Pomístní jména a jejich zpracování ve Slovníku pomístních jmen na Moravě a ve Slezsku:

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Šipková M.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
48-78
EN
This article introduces new project of the electronic Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms (DMSA) which is being compiled at the Department of Dialectology of the Institute of the Czech Language of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Brno as a parallel to the Dictionary of Minor Place Names in Bohemia, compiled at the Department of Onomastics of the same institute in Prague. The article accounts for the reasons leading to the compilation of the Dictionary (most notably the unique material and theoretical and methodological conception of the Czech onomastic school) and highlights linguistic interconnections, especially the Czech-German connection reflected in Moravian and Silesian anoikonymy. It describes the basic characteristics of the Dictionary, which is dominated by material analysis and the onomastic interpretation of names comprising numerous dialectal forms. It introduces the basic types of entries, outlines their structure and adds some entries (including the maps depicting the geolinguistic distribution of the anoikonyms) to demonstrate the conception of the DMSA.
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Obraz anoikonymie v katastru obce Tchořovice a jeho historické proměny

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Havrda M.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 56
235-248
EN
This diploma thesis extends the bachelor thesis research that analysed selected anoikonyms which were used by the locals since the oldest times until the beginning of the 19th century. The goal of this thesis is to revise and complete the set of anoikonyms included in the bachelor thesis and compare it to younger evidence. By collecting the data and its formal and semantic analysis the thesis aims to present a relatively complete picture of anoikonyms of the area of interest while respecting its historical development.
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Pozemkové knihy z 18. století jako pramen k pomístním jménům v Boskovicích. Minulost - proměny - současnost

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Sedláček P.
Národopisný věstník
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2022
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vol. 63
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issue 1
226-242
EN
This paper deals with the anoikonyms used in the municipal books (land registers) kept in the town of Boskovice during the years 1694–1790. The land registers contain information about transfers and sales of land and immovable property, but also about rights and obligations associated with them. Nowadays, these books are also used as an important source in genealogical research. This study contains a detailed analysis of all the forms of the anoikonyms, i.e. their forms used in the past, the changes of these forms and their present forms, and also a reflection of the old local names of the current urban topography. The article expands and complements older works focused on the history of Boskovice, including brief mentions about anoikonyms, and also builds on older studies about the land registers of Boskovice.
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Česká nářečí a pomístní jména, aneb, Jak rytíř (?) Močihuba získal a opět pozbyl své jméno

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Čižmárová L.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 56
52-75
EN
The article presents an interesting example of interferences of the dialect and onymic corpuses of the Czech language. The anoikonym Mlčí huba used in the village of Rácov near Jihlava has its official counterpart Mučí huba used in maps. These names are irregular, impossible to decline as the front element of the collocation is taken as verbal („mouth shuts up“, „mouth tortures“). A historic map shows the inscription made in 1835 by a German typist reading MocziHuba. It leads us to the appellative and later a nickname and a surname m/Močihuba „heavy drinker“, recorded since the 15th century, but no more used in Czech dialects. Loss of awareness of original motivation after the appellative disappeared has led to deformation of the original name and to creation of a new, false motivation. The proper name Močihuba also vanished, only a rare occurrence of its descendant Močub(a) in the Czech area has been recorded. Together with the variant Moczygemba in south Poland, it shows the rests of a former larger area of this name’s occurrence.
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Formální a motivační aspekty moravských a slezských anoikonym obsahujících osobní jméno Jan

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Šimečková M.
Acta onomastica
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2021
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vol. 62
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issue 1
130-139
EN
The paper deals with representative aspects of Moravian and Silesian minor place names containing the personal name Jan (English John). In the first part, formal features of the respective anoikonyms are described, i. e. dialectal phonology and morphology. Then the author focuses on historical and local variation (including communication variants), motivation and structure of representative names. Qualitative data analysis showed the most popular motivation was a relation to local persons named Jan associated with the place ‒ property of the named object or a location near this property. Objects have rarely been named by local persons associated with the place, e. g. a forest named by his founder. Sometimes the reason for naming is not known, because there is not a record of the namegiver’s motivation. In terms of structural analysis, two-word (or multiple-word) names predominate, especially the combination of possessive adjectives derivated from the personal name Jan and originally the common name of the object (e. g. vrch ‚hill‘, důl ‚mine‘). Other structural types are less common.
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Polná - a toponym that has become a symbol

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Dvořáková Ž.
Acta onomastica
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2019
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vol. 60
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issue 1
24-35
EN
In our minds, many toponyms are connected with important historical or mythical events. This paper is focused on the toponym Polná and some proper names related to this town. Polná was one of many small sleepy towns in the Vysočina region. Everything changed with the murder of Anežka Hrůzová in 1899. The rumours of a “ritual murder” spread and the local Jew Leopold Hilsner was charged with the crime. It was the beginning of a great anti-Semitic hysteria and Polná became the most watched place in the monarchy. The whole affair was publicized in our country and abroad. After more than 100 years the city of Polná is still associated with this murder, the Hilsner Affair and the tragic judicial error. It became a part of the common knowledge and culture of Czech people. The history is still alive and projected into the image of the town. At the scene of the act (called U Anežky) there is a symbolic grave which is often visited by tourists and by Czech nationalists. On the town square we can go for lunch at U Hilsnera Restaurant. Nearby we can find a former Jewish ghetto still unofficially called Židák (Žid = ‘Jew’) even though no Jews live here today.
CS
Mnoho toponym si v mysli spojujeme s důležitými historickými nebo mytologickými událostmi. Tento příspěvek je zaměřen na toponymum Polná a některá pomístní jména spjatá s tímto městem. Polná byla malé, ospalé městečko na Vysočině. Vše se změnilo vraždou Anežky Hrůzové v roce 1899. Začaly se šířit spekulace o „rituální vraždě“ a ze zločinu byl obviněn místní židovský mladík Leopold Hilsner. Tak začala veliká antisemitská hysterie a Polná se stala jedním z nejsledovanějších míst tehdejší monarchie. Celá aféra byla medializována u nás i v cizině. Po více než 100 letech je město Polná stále asociováno s touto vraždou, Hilsnerem a tragickým justičním omylem. Stala se součástí české všeobecné encyklopedie a kultury. Historie je stále živá a projektuje se do „image“ města. Místo činu (zvané U Anežky), kde je symbolický hrob, je často navštěvováno turisty i českými nacionalisty. Na náměstí si můžeme zajít na oběd do restaurace U Hilsnera. A nedaleko leží bývalé židovské ghetto, stále neoficiálně nazývané Židák, i když tu dnes žádní židé nežijí.
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Současný stav a lidová etymologie pomístních jmen na Židlochovicku

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Sklenářová L.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 56
249-257
EN
This essay summarises my thesis of the same name (Faculty of Education, Masaryk University, Brno 2015, 122 p.). The diploma work analyses contemporary repertoire of anoikonyms in the Židlochovice region, including their popular etymologies. The studied material was obtained by field research. The collected anoikonyms were sorted according to individual cadastral areas, number of words and actual named object. The findings were generalised in the model and structural analyses. It was found out that the familiarity and use of anoikonyms is decreasing, especially among the younger generation. The collected names mostly reflect the character of the terrain of the examined area and in many cases are influenced by German. The thesis is available at the internet address: .
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