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EN
The phenomenon of the professional burnout wakes the more and more greater interest on the psychologists, educators and sociologists’ side. During the last 30 years, many theories about syndromes of the professional burnout appeared. The emotional exhaustion, the excessive distance in relation with people and matters, which one serves, until the loss of emotional engaging – these are generally experienced aspects of the syndrome of the professional burnout. The objective treatment of customers, schoolchildren, patients or suppliants can be its effect. The researches on the issue of burnout, which involve repeatedly new professional groups, are conducted on the large scale. Menial occupations, whose essence is to help the other person, are threatened by the risk of the professional burnout. To these occupations the next are included: welfare workers, teachers, nurses, doctors, policemen, emergency services, etc. The object of the article is to pay attention to chosen models of the professional burnout, its conditioning and to get the answer to the question, why the risk of the professional burnout is included into the occupations which aim is to serve the other person.
PL
Zjawisko wypalenia zawodowego budzi coraz większe zainteresowanie ze strony psychologów, pedagogów i socjologów. W ciągu niespełna 30 lat powstało wiele teorii o zespołach wypalenia zawodowego. Emocjonalne wyczerpanie, nadmierny dystans wobec osób i spraw, którym się służy, aż do utraty zaangażowania emocjonalnego – to powszechnie doświadczane przejawy syndromu wypalenia zawodowego. Jego efektem może być przedmiotowe traktowanie klientów, uczniów, pacjentów czy petentów. Na szeroką skalę prowadzone są badania nad wypaleniem, które obejmują zasięgiem coraz to nowe grupy zawodowe. Ryzykiem wypalenia zawodowego zagrożone są zawody służebne, których istotą jest pomoc drugiemu człowiekowi. Do tych zawodów zalicza się: pracowników socjalnych, nauczycieli, pielęgniarki, lekarzy, policjantów, służby ratownicze itp. Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na wybrane modele wypalenia zawodowego oraz uzyskanie odpowiedzi na pytanie, dlaczego ryzyko wypalenia zawodowego jest wkalkulowane w zawody, których celem jest służba drugiemu człowiekowi.
EN
In recent years, one can see the growth of interest in voluntary activity. It is connected on the one hand with the activities of assistance, thus fulfilling tasks for the benefit of people who need support, and on the other hand is associated with building and developing an informed and active society. Volunteering is present in many areas of social life. In terms of social welfare such activities focus on an individual, they teach, therefore, respect for people and paying attention to the weak. Volunteering helps understand others, forms a willingness to take action, take responsibility, it teaches looking for solutions in various situations of everyday life. Given the specific nature of volunteering and growing interest in volunteering by young people, the author of the article investigates the involvement of students in volunteer work for other people.
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