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Jan-Werner Müller proposes a new way of defining populism. His proposal, however, seems to be at least unfinished and many times passed over the classical reflections on populism. The greatest value of his work is the fact that he tries to base it on a number of contemporary examples, especially on European ones.
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Author claims as Ernesto Laclau that populism is a typical example of populist strategy. That’s why in the populist discourse politicians use different language figures to make verbal transmission more plausible. Moreover, in the populist discourse politicians very often refer to myths. Referring to myths in a discussion or a political debate is supposed to convince people to views propagated by populists. In this article author presents examples of creating and using different myths in Polish political discourse, for example myth of Smolensk catastrophe.
EN
Dynamic development of modern political populism in Western countries encourages to analyze this issue from many different perspectives. In addition to investigations based on political sciences, economics, and interdisciplinary comparative studies, it is valuable to relate populism to the mythological context. In this article, I assert that the return of populism indirectly results from its connection with political mythology. The particularly significant role in making the populisms attractive is played by the expressive leaders of political movements, who refer to mythological contents, including the heroic ethos, by their general attitude, presented philosophy and the creation of their biography. Thanks to such pose, they gain on reliability, political authenticity, and gather a wide social support. Presented herein analysis employed the model of Josepha Campbell’s “Hero’s Journey”, which highlights the common characteristic of contemporary populist hero and his mythological counterpart.
EN
Since its emergence in 1995 the Danish People’s Party has become the second biggest political party in Denmark. The popularity of the DPP has also played an important role in the emergence and growth in popularity of the right-wing populist parties in the rest of Scandinavia. One of the most important factors that contributed to the growth in the popularity of the DPP has been the specific organisation of the party based on the charismatic leadership of its leaders Pia Kjærsgaard and Kristian Thulesen Dahl. The hierarchical structure of the right-wing populist parties combined with the party discipline enables the parties to react quickly to changing social attitudes, and as a result, to attract new voters.
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