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EN
The current stage of world development leads to global challenges facing the countries of the world, in particular, it concerns the ensuring economic security and its component – investment. The current stage of ensuring the security of national economies has led to the transformation of this concept. The change of the paradigm of economic security has led to an increase in the role of investment security and its further research. External and internal factors, processes and their interconnections, lack of sufficient information, digitalization determine the characteristics of the model and the complexity of the study of this issue. The article focuses on the role and approach to the study of investment security; the author constructed a cognitive map of factors characterizing the interconnection of investment security elements. The map of the investment security model is disclosed through the stages of its formation, namely object analysis, cognitive analysis, building a cognitive model, building a cognitive map, as well as determining (detecting) its vertices and the relationships of factors characterizing investment security. It has determined positive and negative influence of factors that change depending on the current conditions of development of the world economy and the development of information and communication technologies.
EN
The article focuses on an analysis of the basic persuasion strategies employed in Prime Minister Donald Tusk’s second policy statement delivered on 12 October 2012. They include using positive images, creating a bond between the speaker and the addressees, emphasising the significance of the issues discussed as well as lending credence to the statement. The text contains almost no negative vocabulary, with the dominant values present in it being security, trust and hope. The style of the speech is devoid of pathos; instead, it is full of colloquial terms and metaphorical descriptions intended to bring the complex political problems closer to people thanks to references to everyday life. Devices meant to lend credence to the speech are dominated by two opposing techniques: making the message subjective and categorical. The addressees’ trust can also be increased by verbal identification with the so-called ordinary people as well as emphasis on their problems and concerns. Stressing the significance of the issues raised is to indirectly boost the speaker’s self-esteem and to translate into a belief that power is in the hands of the right individuals. The prime minister’s second policy statement can be viewed as an attempt to hold on to power at a time when society’s trust in the government was on the wane.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano rolę identyfikacji w procesie społecznej integracji młodzieży ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi. Wyniki pracy podzielono na dwie części. W pierwszej dokonano charakterystyki relacji panujących w szkole ponadgimnazjalnej dla dzieci ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi. W drugiej części opisano społeczną i psychologiczną adaptację osób ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi do środowiska młodzieży. Dowiedziono, że stereotypowe postrzeganie młodego człowieka przez innych jako „niepełnosprawnego” utrwala jego negatywne spojrzenie na otaczający go świat i ludzi. Natomiast identyfikacja z osobowymi przykładami pozytywnych doświadczeń ma dodatni wpływ na zamierzoną integrację w ramach społeczności młodzieży ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi. Upatruje się w tym sposób na budowanie poczucia własnej wartości, wiary w siebie, umacnianie kontaktów społecznych, samorealizację i osiągnięcie społecznego sukcesu młodych ludzi.
EN
The article examines the role of identification in the process of integration of young people with special educational needs into the society. The study results are divided into two parts: the first, in which the characteristics of the relationships within senior secondary schools for people with special educational needs are determined, and the second, in which the assessment of socio-psychological adaptation of persons with special educational needs in the youth environment is provided. It has been proved that while the stereotypical treatment of others as “defective” reinforces the negative perception of the world and people by the young man, the identification with those of successful experiences will have a positive impact on the prospective integration into the society of young people with special educational needs. The latter can be considered a means of developing a positive self-esteem, self-confidence, encouraging social interaction, gaining self-fulfillment and making social success by the young people.
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