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EN
In her I Was a Child of Holocaust Survivors published in Canada in 2006, Bernice Eistenstein undertakes an attempt to cope with the inherited memories of the Holocaust. As a child of the Holocaust survivors, she tries to deal with the trauma her parents kept experiencing years after WWII had finished. Eisenstein became infected with the suffering and felt it inescapable. Eisenstein’s text, which is one of the first Jewish-Canadian graphic memoirs, appears to represent the voice of the children of Holocaust survivors not only owing to its verbal dimension, but also due to the drawings incorporated into the text. Therefore, the text becomes a combination of a memoir, a family story, a philosophical treatise and a comic strip, which all prove unique and enrich the discussion on the Holocaust in literature. For these reasons, the aim of this article is to analyze the ways in which Eisenstein deals with her postmemory, to use Marianne Hirsch’s term (1997 [2002]), as well as her addiction to the Holocaust memories. As a result of this addiction, the legacy of her postmemory is both unwanted and desired and constitutes Bernice Eisenstein’s identity as the eponymous child of Holocaust survivors.
EN
The author discusses the growing popularity of picture-books and gives a critical overview of the problems of the definition of the genre. He concentrates on the two recent works of Iwona Chmielewska which address the issues of the Holocaust, representing different approaches to the genre, experimenting with the book as a material and visual object, requiring non-linear reception and problematizing the word-image relation. The article also reflects on ethical issues of the Holocaust literature, which can be identified in the choice between realistic representation, metaphorical codensation and silence.
PL
Artykuł, poświęcony rosnącej popularności picture-booków i kłopotom z ich definicją, koncentruje się na twórczości Iwony Chmielewskiej, autorki związanej z tematyką Zagłady. Szczegółowo omówione zostają jej dwie książki, Pamiętnik Blumki (2011) i Dopóki niebo nie płacze (2016), reprezentujące różne odmiany tego gatunku, będące eksperymentami w poszukiwaniu nowych form książki jako materialnego i wizualnego obiektu, narzucającego nielinearny porządek odbioru i problematyzującego relacje między słowem a obrazem. Podjęte zostają również kwestie etyczne w literaturze o Holokauście, wyrażające się często w wyborze między realistycznym obrazowaniem, metaforycznym skrótem a milczeniem.
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