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PL
Sukces dalszego rozwoju Ukrainy jako suwerennego, niezależnego i demokratycznego państwa bardziej niż kiedykolwiek wcześniej uzależniony jest od determinacji zarówno polityków, jak i urzędników państwowych oraz poszanowania zasad społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. Jednym z najpoważniejszych zagrożeń jest korupcja, która uniemożliwia skuteczny rozwój gospodarczy, społeczny i humanitarny, spowalnia proces integracji europejskiej Ukrainy i – co nie bez znaczenia – działa na korzyść wrogów zewnętrznych państwa. Walka z korupcją jest zatem jednym z najważniejszych zadań państwa ukraińskiego. Istotne miejsce w kształtowaniu i realizacji państwowej polityki antykorupcyjnej zajmują Rada Najwyższa, prezydent i rząd Ukrainy. Parlament określa ramy prawne, głowa państwa – cel i sposób prowadzenia, zaś rząd zapewnia kompleksową realizację państwowej polityki antykorupcyjnej, w tym koordynuje działania policji i Narodowej Agencji Zapobiegania Korupcji. Podkreślić należy, że powodzenie zapobiegania i przeciwdziałania korupcji na Ukrainie w dużym stopniu zależy od efektywności współdziałania naczelnych organów państwa w zakresie tworzenia i wdrażania państwowej polityki antykorupcyjnej
EN
The success of further development of Ukraine as sovereign and independent, democratic, social, constitutional state now, more than ever earlier, depends on determination of politicians, statesmen and public employees and adherence to principles of each citizen and civil society in general in fight against the external and internal enemy. Among internal enemies of Ukraine corruption which makes impossible effective economic, social and humanitarian development of Ukraine is high on the list, slows down the European integration of Ukraine, and at the end advantageous of external foes of our state. Therefore, eradication of corruption is one of the most important functions of the Ukrainian state now. The important place in system of subjects of forming and implementation of the state anti-corruption policy belongs to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the President of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ukraine. So, the parliament in Ukraine creates legal including the legal framework of the state anti-corruption policy, and also participates in forming of contest committees on election of special subjects of the prevention and counteraction. The head of state in Ukraine also defines essence and the maintenance of the state anti-corruption policy in the decrees, and also participates in forming of the commissions on selection and appointments of officials of specially authorized bodies according to the prevention and counteraction of corruption, and provides independence in activity of some of these bodies. The government of Ukraine provides complex implementation of the state anti-corruption policy, has own representation in contest committees which carry out forming of specially authorized bodies of prevention and counteraction of corruption (National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine, etc.), And also performs the common directorship and coordination of activity of National police of Ukraine and National Agency for Prevention of Corruption. At the same time, the success of prevention and counteraction of corruption in Ukraine depends on efficiency of interaction of the supreme bodies of the government in the field of forming and implementation of the state anti-corruption policy.
EN
Al things considered, an attempt to solve this problem would be to postulate de lege ferenda creating a uniform system of anti-corruption legislation, introducing consistency in the regulations relating to corruption offenses. Dispersal of the regulations in different acts shows the weakness of Polish anti-corruption law and this is caused by legislative level. So there is a necessity for radical and fast improvement. It seems that the best way to achieve this goal is to create an act which would comprehensively fight corruption on each level of public authorities. This act should be aimed clearly at corruption offences and stigmatize them. The present anti-corruption Polish system of law is totally devoid of transparency and this causes that perpetrators measure the profitability of their acting by the size of the sanction. Penalty should be ruled relatively to the offence. There appears a necessity to create a project of one anti-corruption act. There is a necessity for a comprehensive strategy to fight corruption. Therefore, the role of the criminal law should be emphasized as the ultima ratio, which does not result in the disintegration of the system or violate its consistency.
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